Clin Infect Dis:国家指南的实施对儿科急性呼吸道感染抗生素处方率有影响吗?

2017-11-14 王淳 环球医学编译

2017年10月,发表在《Clin Infect Dis》上的一项多中心、准实验性、中断的时间序列分析,旨在评估2011年法国国家指南的实施对儿科急诊(PED)中急性呼吸道感染(ARTI)抗生素处方的影响。研究结果显示:2011年法国国家指南的实施显着降低ARTI的抗生素处方率,并且显着降低广谱抗生素的处方。

2017年10月,发表在《Clin Infect Dis》上的一项多中心、准实验性、中断的时间序列分析,旨在评估2011年法国国家指南的实施对儿科急诊(PED)中急性呼吸道感染(ARTI)抗生素处方的影响。研究结果显示:2011年法国国家指南的实施显着降低ARTI的抗生素处方率,并且显着降低广谱抗生素的处方。

背景:PEDs中许多抗生素的处方是不适合的,但是有关基于抗菌药物管理原则指南的有效干预的数据很少。研究人员旨在评估2011年全国指南的实施对PED中ARTI抗生素处方的影响。

方法:研究人员开展了一项多中心、准实验性、中断的时间序列分析,前瞻性收集来自7家法国PED的电子数据。研究人员纳入2009年11月至2014年10月研究期间就诊于PED的所有儿科患者,并且被诊断为ARTI。干预包括本地方案实施、教育会议和反馈。主要结局是实施前后每1000次PED就诊中出院ARTI处方抗生素的处方率,采用分段回归模型分析。

结果:研究人员纳入242534名ARTI患者。干预与每1000次PED就诊中抗生素处方率斜率的显着变化相关(每15日内为-0.4%,P=0.04),研究结束时累积作用估计为-30.9%(95%CI[-45.2至-20.1]),避免开出13136次抗生素处方。广谱抗生素处方的相对百分比显着下降(-62.7%,95%CI[-92.8;-32.7]),并用阿莫西林替代。

结论:2011年法国国家指南的实施显着降低ARTI的抗生素处方率,并且显着降低广谱抗生素的处方,取而代之的是阿莫西林。

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