儿童时期感染过传染性疾病=成年后早期心血管疾病风险大?

2015-10-19 sunshine 译 MedSci原创

世界范围内,心血管疾病是健康的头号杀手,五分之四的死亡事件是由于心脏病发作及中风所致。近日,新的研究结果表明童年时期的感染或可增加心脏病的发病风险。

世界范围内,心血管疾病是健康的头号杀手,五分之四的死亡事件是由于心脏病发作及中风所致。近日,新的研究结果表明童年时期的感染或可增加心脏病的发病风险。该研究结果于本月17号维也纳举行的急性心血管保健会议上展示,研究作者为Andriany Qanitha博士。

Qanitha指出,在印尼,心血管疾病(CVD)所致的死亡约占本地全因死亡的31.9%。且传染性疾病如伤寒、麻疹、水痘、支气管炎、结核病及登革热等在印尼儿童中很常见。因此,Qanitha及其团队推测,“童年及青少年时期感染过传染性疾病,或可对心血管产生不良的影响,并可引起动脉粥样硬化的发生,导致急性冠脉综合症(ACS)或心脏病的早期发作。”


为了验证这一假设,研究人员进行了一项基于人群的病例对照研究,共纳入153名ACS患者(年龄小于56岁),及153名健康对照者(无ACS史)。“严重感染”定义为,发烧≥3天或住院治疗其传染性疾病。

通过问卷调查,研究人员搜集了研究对象以下4个时期的传染病史:

0-5 岁(婴儿和时期)
6-13 岁(小学时期)
14-17 岁(初中时期)
18-21 岁(高中时期)

基于所搜集到的信息,研究人员计算了所有研究对象的感染得分(0-4)。同时研究人员还记录了其它一些因素,包括年龄、性别、职业、月收入、受教育程度、饮食模式、体力活动、吸烟状况以及家族史。

结果表明,童年及青少年时期感染过传染性疾病的研究对象,日后发生ACS的风险可增加3倍。

“其中一个可能的解释是,感染可引发动脉的炎症反应及动脉粥样硬化,” Qanitha说道,“感染或改变了CVD的危险因素,并可导致ACS的发生。”

Qanitha还补充道,“在东南亚,尤其是年轻人中,CVD的危险因素正迅速上升,印尼大部分CVD患者年龄小于56岁。而年轻人CVD的早发提出了这样一个问题:当地的环境是否在CVD的发生中起到某种作用。”

校正CVD的危险因素(如HDL胆固醇水平、吸烟状况、糖尿病、高血压及使用降压药)后,研究人员得出结论,童年时期感染过传染性疾病的患者可增加早期ACS的发病风险,且其存在的CVD的危险因素也较多。

虽然此研究结果不一定适用于世界上的其它地区,但是,至少适用于东南亚地区,在这里传染性疾病仍是很流行。

“在这里,各国的政府及决策者应制定一个联合策略以应对传染性疾病以及CVD的发生。生命早期的感染或是ACS发生的一个未知的促进因素。”

原始出处:

Could childhood infections increase early heart attack risk? MNT, 19 October 2015.

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