Lancet Respir Med:生命早期暴露于空气污染,儿童时期易发生哮喘

2015-11-11 崔倩 译 MedSci原创

对于CaHD与瓣膜置换手术相关的手术死亡率有所下降。症状和生存的好处是,当CaHD由经验丰富的多学科团队管理时还会产生症状性和生存利益。

以前发表的研究主要集中在空气污染对童年哮喘和结膜炎整个早期和中期的影响。然而,暴露于空气污染对儿童和青少年哮喘和结膜炎的发展中的作用尚不清楚。该研究的目的是评估在整个儿童期和青春期暴露于空气污染、哮喘和结膜炎的发展之间的纵向联系。

我们做了一项以人群为基础的出生队列研究,共有14126名来自德国、瑞典和荷兰的四个可能的出生队列研究的参与者,进行了14-16年的随访。研究人员将重复哮喘的问卷报告和鼻结膜炎与参加者的家庭地址年平均空气污染浓度(氮氧化物[NO2],颗粒物质(PM)直径小于2.5微米[PM2.5],小于10μm[PM10],以及2.5μm和10μm之间[PMcoarse],PM2.5吸光度[烟尘指标])联系在一起。研究人员在队列特异性分析中分析了参与者的出生地址空气污染暴露和随访时发生哮喘和鼻结膜炎的纵向联系,随后进行荟萃分析和汇集分析。

总体而言,14-16岁哮喘的发生率随着在出生地暴露于NO2(调整后的Meta分析比值比[OR]1.13%每10μg/m3[95%Cl 1.02-1.25])和PM2.5吸光度(每个单位1.29[1.00-1.66)的增加而增加。类似的,PM2.5和哮喘的发生也有类似的趋势,但是不显著(荟萃分析OR为1.25每5μg/m3[95%Cl 0.94-1.66)。这些与哮喘的联系在患者年龄4岁以后到14-16岁以前更一致。没有迹象表明的空气污染对结膜炎产生不利影响。

在生命早期暴露于空气污染可能导致整个儿童期和青春期发生哮喘,特别是在4岁以后,当哮喘可以更可靠地诊断。空气污染程度的减少可有助于预防儿童发生哮喘。

原始出处:

Ulrike Gehring,Alet H Wijga,Gerard Hoek,et al.Exposure to air pollution and development of asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis throughout childhood and adolescence,Lancet Respiratory Medicine,2015.11.10

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    2016-04-27 howi
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