Cell Research:首次发现新型冠状病毒感染人神经祖细胞和类脑器官的证据

2020-08-05 BioArt

新冠病毒主要引起呼吸道疾病,其临床表现与非典相似。然而,新冠肺炎患者中也常有报道神经系统症状,包括头痛,失眠,失语,神志不清,癫痫发作和脑病等。

截至7月16日,新冠肺炎已导致218个国家和地区的1300万例确诊病例和580,045多例死亡。新冠病毒主要引起呼吸道疾病,其临床表现与非典相似。然而,新冠肺炎患者中也常有报道神经系统症状,包括头痛,失眠,失语,神志不清,癫痫发作和脑病等。在对武汉市214例新冠肺炎患者进行的临床研究发现有36.4% 病人表现出神经系统症状,在严重感染的患者中这一比例高达45.5%。同样,法国的一项研究显示:入院的新冠肺炎患者中有高达84.5%(49/58)被检查出具有神经系统的症状。此外,德国最近的一项研究表明,在重症病例的脑活检中有36.4%(8/22)可以检测到新冠病毒的RNA。这些迹象表明,人脑可能是新冠病毒感染肺器官以外的靶标之一。然而,在本研究之前,尚未有研究发现人类中枢神经系统(CNS)感染新冠病毒的直接实验证据。

2020年8月4日,香港大学医学院与中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院合成生物学研究所等单位合作完成的最新研究成果SARS-CoV-2 infects human neural progenitor cells and brain organoids在Cell Research上以Letter to Editor 形式在线发表。这项工作首次发现了新型冠状病毒感染人神经祖细胞(hNPCs)和类脑器官(brain organoids)的证据。论文的第一作者是深圳先进院合成所的张宝中博士,共同第一作者为港大医学院朱轩博士、韩朔博士和帅惠萍博士;通讯作者是黄建东教授、朱轩博士和袁国勇教授。

该研究利用诱导性多能干细胞(iPSC)衍生的人神经祖细胞,神经球和脑类器官为感染模型,探索新冠病毒在生理相关模型中直接参与中枢神经系统的过程。实验结果表明,iPSC衍生的神经祖细胞可以有效感染新冠病毒,而同为冠状病毒的SARS病毒却不能感染。感染新冠病毒的神经球和类脑器官中检测到大量的新冠病毒核衣壳蛋白表达和感染性病毒颗粒,这些结果表明新冠病毒可以有效感染人脑。

重要的是,本研究首次发现了类脑器官中的新冠病毒感染可以定位到TUJ1(神经元标志物)和NESTIN(神经祖细胞标志物)阳性细胞区域内,这表明新冠病毒可以靶向感染皮质神经元和神经祖细胞。2015年再次爆发的寨卡病毒已经公认为能靶向人脑中的神经祖细胞,从而导致胎儿的小头畸形和严重的发育缺陷以及成人的其他神经系统的异常。所以,应密切监测新冠病毒感染中枢神经系统的慢性或长期后果。

原始出处:

Bao-Zhong Zhang, Hin Chu, Shuo Han, et al.SARS-CoV-2 infects human neural progenitor cells and brain organoids.Cell Research.Published: 04 August 2020

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    2021-04-05 维他命
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    2020-08-07 yangshch

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