JCO:免疫治疗因毒性导致IO中断,居然不影响疗效?

2017-09-04 wrangx 肿瘤资讯

免疫治疗疗程是临床头疼问题,到底用多久合适呢? 2017年8月25日JCO在线发表研究,对Ⅱ期CM069和Ⅲ期CM067中伊匹单抗联合纳武单抗数据合并分析,发现诱导治疗阶段因毒性中断治疗患者在疗效上与完成诱导治疗患者类似,在ORR、PFS和OS没有差异。免疫相关毒性可能是疗效预测因素。

免疫治疗疗程是临床头疼问题,到底用多久合适呢? 2017年8月25日JCO在线发表研究,对Ⅱ期CM069和Ⅲ期CM067中伊匹单抗联合纳武单抗数据合并分析,发现诱导治疗阶段因毒性中断治疗患者在疗效上与完成诱导治疗患者类似,在ORR、PFS和OS没有差异。免疫相关毒性可能是疗效预测因素。

背景

伊匹单抗单药或联合纳武单抗、帕姆单抗批准用于治疗晚期黑色瘤。帕姆单抗在OS上优于伊匹单抗单药。伊匹单抗(I)联合纳武单抗(N)对比伊匹单抗的Ⅱ期Checkmate069(CM069)试验和Ⅲ期Checkmate067(CM067)试验,证明I+N优于I单药,显着提高ORR和PFS。另外,在CM67中,I+N较I单药显着延长OS。

尽管I+N联合使用疗效提高但伴随毒性显着增加。在CM069研究中,3~4级不良事件(AEs)发生率高达54%,1/3以上病人因毒性中断治疗。在CM067研究中,3~4级AEs发生率55%,不到一半患者完成诱导阶段治疗。所以毒性是I+N方案使用考虑主要问题之一。

因AEs中断治疗会降低联合免疫治疗疗效吗?免疫治疗相关AEs能否作为疗效预测治疗,高的AEs免疫治疗疗效会更好吗?本文通过合并分析CM67和CM069研究I+N联合治疗的数据来回答这两个问题,另外分析安全性。

方法

Ⅱ期和Ⅲ期中诱导联合治疗方案为N1+I3,每三周一次共4周期,后N1维持治疗每2周一次。研究分为诱导治疗阶段因AEs中断治疗组(中断治疗组)、未中断治疗组(未中断治疗组)。分析因AEs中断治疗(n = 233)、未中断治疗(n = 231)患者的安全性数据。

结果

患者特点和治疗

在CM67和CM069研究中,I+N治疗共407例,其中,因AEs中断治疗176例(43%),在诱导治疗阶段因AEs中断治疗96例(24%)(中断治疗组),未因AEs中断治疗231例(未中断治疗组)。中断治疗组和未中断治疗组基线基本均衡,除了中断治疗组M1c和LDH升高患者比例低。任意时间因AEs中断治疗患者,诱导治疗阶段纳武单抗和伊匹单抗中位治疗周期数均为3个。未因AEs中断治疗患者武单抗中位治疗周期数14个,伊匹单抗4个。诱导治疗阶段中断治疗、任意时间因AEs中断治疗和未中断治疗中位治疗时间分别为1.4个月、1.5个月和9.4个月,后续治疗比例分别为39%、35%和24%。

疗效

中断治疗组和未中断治疗组ORR分别为58.3%和50.2%, CR率和至有效时间两组类似。中断治疗组和未中断治疗组维持治疗比例分别为64%和80%。两组肿瘤负荷下降均为-51.4%。


中断治疗组和未中断治疗组PFS分别为8.4个月和10.8个月(P = .966,见图1),18个月PFS率分别为38%和49%。两组中位OS均为达到,18个月OS率分别为67%和62%(见图2)。

图1:诱导治疗阶段中断治疗组和未中断治疗组PFS曲线

图2:诱导治疗阶段中断治疗组和未中断治疗组OS曲线

安全性

407例患者中因治疗相关AEs中断治疗共156例,结肠炎最常见,导致40例(10%)患者中断治疗,其次为ALT升高(5%)、AST升高(4%)。结肠炎是导致住院主要原因。3~4级毒性主要出现在诱导阶段,最先出现皮肤毒性(2~3周),后续胃肠道毒性(6到11周),肝毒性(8~10周),内分泌毒性(11~12周),见图3。

图3:治疗相关3~4级毒性发生时间分布图

结论

伊匹单抗联合纳武单抗治疗晚期黑色瘤,诱导治疗阶段因毒性中断治疗未影响疗效。也就是说,即使中断治疗患者仍能从联合治疗中持续获益。

点评

回顾性因果分析研究,因毒性诱导治疗阶段中断治疗和未中断治疗的ORR、PFS和OS无差异,可解释为即使联合治疗毒性较大,及时停药可缓解毒性且疗效不受影响。文章开头2个问题,疗程缩短有效率会下降还是高免疫治疗相关毒性是免疫激活的标志,本文结论支持第二种假设。该研究缺点回顾性数据,两组间中断治疗患者M1c和LDH升高患者比例较低,对于PFS和OS需要更长的随访时间,以更好分析因毒性中断治疗对预后的影响。

中断和未中断治疗患者毒性谱类似,只是中断治疗患者毒性频率更高,毒性出现时间更早,因此要注意免疫治疗AEs发作时间,因为有的AEs例如内分泌毒性发生时间较晚,另外,多数3~4级AEs经免疫抑制治疗后几周内好转。需新的研究评价纳武单抗联合伊匹单抗诱导治疗后纳武单抗维持治疗作用,免疫疗效是来自诱导阶段还是维持阶段或者两者都不可缺少。研究提示毒性与疗效相关,需进一步理解毒性对疗效预测能力。

总体来说,即使因毒性联合治疗中断患者疗效不受影响。AEs是否是中断治疗后续获益的因素还不明确。

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    2018-07-02 lidong40
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1891442, encodeId=bc56189144252, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=25b0102e2df' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#JCO#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10272, encryptionId=25b0102e2df, topicName=JCO)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6da1120, createdName=lidong40, createdTime=Mon Jul 02 17:44:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=240541, encodeId=05a02405415e, content=很好.学习过了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160914/IMG57D82E721DB581755.jpg, createdBy=4fc81933929, createdName=明天会更好!, createdTime=Tue Sep 05 00:11:58 CST 2017, time=2017-09-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=240422, encodeId=73ea240422c9, content=非常好的文章.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=70, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7LIiaRZTzJ3SEfiauCzTMPW7YvPPYLNJBXG9oh6Al1icq2VQQkIHWxqXehcicTS62YKJVBhxeth3wggw/0, createdBy=7ce01621306, createdName=天涯183, createdTime=Mon Sep 04 17:11:27 CST 2017, time=2017-09-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=240413, encodeId=c9c5240413ef, content=学习了.谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=550d2008262, createdName=luominglian113, createdTime=Mon Sep 04 16:35:27 CST 2017, time=2017-09-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=240376, encodeId=47aa2403e6c0, content=很好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib2emBzjO0FtqTJ05AqrEEdRmp6tmlsLXqpzfxWdtgbbgPGWRHagoK9fLTd3IayRPgkJVIVBWtdlmnkBhOIR4cFM/0, createdBy=e8d51649330, createdName=飘飘爱, createdTime=Mon Sep 04 13:06:08 CST 2017, time=2017-09-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=240374, encodeId=902e2403e42d, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM4mzqK7XHyH86ToibWNdzamnZozW6yiceXFib4QHq1lCOia34v7bgwXUIH1Rdnoqia2y6ibLX156v1xmicZw/0, createdBy=15891613430, createdName=xuexin53, createdTime=Mon Sep 04 12:50:40 CST 2017, time=2017-09-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-09-05 明天会更好!

    很好.学习过了!

    0

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    2017-09-04 天涯183

    非常好的文章.学习了

    0

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    2017-09-04 luominglian113

    学习了.谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-09-04 飘飘爱

    很好

    0

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    2017-09-04 xuexin53

    学习

    0

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