Gastroenterology:西方饮食模式与结肠癌复发

2019-10-27 MedSci MedSci原创

研究发现,高脂饮食和抗生素的使用可以促进结肠癌细胞在结直肠手术后吻合口的肿瘤复发,预防这些微生物群落出现或其酶活性的策略可用于降低结直肠癌手术患者的肿瘤复发风险

西方饮食中脂肪含量高,是结直肠切除术后重要的复发可变危险因素。近日研究人员考察了西方饮食促进肿瘤复发的机制。

雄性BALB/c小鼠随机接受标准饮食或西方饮食(高脂、低纤维素、低矿物质和维生素)持续4周。部分小鼠服用抗生素或ABA-PEGk-Pi20(pi-PEG)以抑制细菌胶原酶,随后小鼠接受结肠直肠切除术和吻合。术后第1天给予含有鼠源性肠球菌肠球菌(e2株)灌肠,第2天给予小鼠结肠癌细胞(CT26)。21天后,切除远端结肠,收集结肠内容物(粪便、远端结肠和肿瘤)。对结肠组织进行组织学、胶原溶解菌落和16S rRNA序列分析。原位杂交法测定吻合部位及肿瘤内粪便的解剖分布,用影像学分析来鉴别转移瘤。

接受西方饮食、抗生素干预、肠道手术和排泄物干预的小鼠中,88%发现结直肠肿瘤,而相同的干预措施后,接受标准饮食小鼠仅30%发现结直肠肿瘤。结肠肿瘤的形成与胶原解排泄物和奇异变形杆菌的存在有关,抗生素消除了粪肠球菌和奇异变形杆菌,但并没有减少肿瘤形成,这可能与抗生素促进了产生胶原酶的微生物--假丝酵母菌的生长有关。而Pi-PEG可减少肿瘤形成,维持肠道微生物的多样性。

研究发现,高脂饮食和抗生素的使用可以促进结肠癌细胞在结直肠手术后吻合口的肿瘤复发,预防这些微生物群落出现或其酶活性的策略可用于降低直肠癌手术患者的肿瘤复发风险。

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    2019-11-06 许安
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