Eur Heart J :使用80 mg辛伐他汀,肌病风险增加20倍!欧洲心脏杂志研究

2020-07-30 朱朱 中国循环杂志

他汀类药物广泛用于心血管病一级和二级预防,但少数患者在使用他汀的过程中会出现肌病,有些患者甚至不能忍受而停药。在用辛伐他汀的患者中,肌病的发生率很低,为9例/万人年,但肌病风险的个体差异可高达34倍。

他汀类药物广泛用于血管病一级和二级预防,但少数患者在使用他汀的过程中会出现肌病,有些患者甚至不能忍受而停药。

近日,欧洲心脏杂志发表的一项由中国、英国、加拿大学者联合开展的研究表明,在应用辛伐他汀的患者中,肌病的发生率很低,为9例/万人年,但肌病风险的个体差异可高达34倍。

研究者发现,在应用辛伐他汀的过程中,出现肌病的独立危险因素包括:辛伐他汀剂量、种族、性别、年龄、体重指数、接受药物治疗的糖尿病,以及合用缓释烟酸/laropiprant、维拉帕米、β受体阻滞剂、地尔硫卓、利尿剂。

其中,辛伐他汀剂量是最强烈的预测因素。应用80 mg辛伐他汀的患者出现肌病的风险是应用20 mg辛伐他汀患者的20倍以上,而40 mg和20 mg辛伐他汀治疗的肌病风险类似。

中国人群在应用辛伐他汀(全部用40 mg)的过程中出现肌病的风险是欧洲人群的10倍左右。

年龄较大、体重指数较低的患者及女士在应用辛伐他汀时出现肌病的风险也较高。

应用降糖药物的糖尿病患者发生肌病的风险是非糖尿病人群的2.43倍,但不用降糖药的糖尿病患者中肌病发生风险与非糖尿病人群无明显差别。

另外,合用维拉帕米时肌病风险增加8倍,合用缓释烟酸/laropiprant(主要见于中国患者)和地尔硫卓时肌病风险增加3倍以上,合用β受体阻滞剂和利尿剂时肌病风险增加65%~75%。

如果把上述独立危险因素组合起来进行评估,评分处于最高三分之一的患者应用辛伐他汀的过程中发生肌病的风险是评分处于最低三分之一者的34.35倍。

尽管这个风险评分与肌病之间存在强烈相关性,但与其他肌肉症状无关。

另外,与肌病有关的SLCO1B1基因型,也与其他肌肉症状无关。

研究者指出,该研究结果有助于指导他汀治疗的安全性监测,也可找出由于误认为常见肌肉症状为他汀所致而不需要停药的患者。

研究者强调,对于报告在服用他汀的过程中出现肌肉症状的患者,应监测肌酸激酶水平,对于肌酸激酶水平中度升高的少数患者应密切监测,肌酸激酶水平不高患者则应继续服用他汀。

该研究一共纳入58 390例接受辛伐他汀治疗的血管疾病患者,平均应用3.4年期间,171例出现肌病,15 208例患者出现其他肌肉症状。

肌病诊断标准为:无法解释的肌肉疼痛或肌无力,肌酸激酶水平超过正常值上限的10倍。其他肌肉症状是指:肌肉疼痛或肌无力,但肌酸激酶水平未超过正常值上限的10倍。

原始出处:

Jemma C Hopewell, Alison Offer, Richard Haynes,et al.Independent risk factors for simvastatin-related myopathy and relevance to different types of muscle symptom.Eur Heart J. 2020 Jul 23;ehaa574. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa574.

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    2020-08-01 zhaojie88
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    2020-08-01 slcumt
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氟-18氟哌啶酮是一种新型的正电子发射断层扫描(PET)心肌灌注成像示踪剂。这项研究旨在评估氟吡哌酮PET与tech 99m标记的单光子发射计算机断层扫描SPECT在检测和评估冠状动脉疾病(CAD)方

BMJ :脂肪肝更易诱发糖尿病、高血脂和高血压等心脏代谢疾病!

脂肪肝 ,也称肝脂肪,是由于各种原因引起的肝细胞内脂肪堆积过多的病变。随着现代人生活水平的提高,熬夜、嗜酒、高脂饮食和过度减肥等因素均会导致肝脏中的脂肪超标(5%~10%),最终发展为肝硬化和肝癌。

Neurology:中年高血压、糖尿病和吸烟会让人“变傻”!

神经学杂志发表的一项研究提示,中年人群的心血管病危险因素,特别是高血压、糖尿病和吸烟或可能加快中年认知功能下降。