腹直肌旁入路治疗儿童S1动脉瘤样骨囊肿1例

2020-07-30 刘建宏 吴昊 唐海军 临床骨科杂志

患儿,男,4岁6个月,母亲代诉5d前发现患儿行走步态不对称,身体向左侧倾斜,伴腰骶部间歇性疼痛,未向双下肢放射,无双下肢、会阴区及鞍区麻木,无大小便失禁,无畏寒、发热、盗汗、胸痛、气促,无腹痛、腹泻等

临床资料

患儿,男,4岁6个月,母亲代诉5d前发现患儿行走步态不对称,身体向左侧倾斜,伴腰骶部间歇性疼痛,未向双下肢放射,无双下肢、会阴区及鞍区麻木,无大小便失禁,无畏寒、发热、盗汗、胸痛、气促,无腹痛、腹泻等不适,无明确外伤史。2015年9月5日于当地医院门诊就诊,骨盆CT检查显示:S1椎体见不规则骨质破坏,周围软组织肿胀并形成肿块向前、向后隆起,硬脊膜受压明显,考虑为S1椎体结核或肿瘤可能。MRI检查显示:S1异常骨质信号改变,周围软组织肿块,相应椎管、骶尾变窄,S1水平骶孔狭窄,考虑肿瘤性病变可能,见图1A、1B。2015年9月8日入广西医科大学第一附属医院。专科检查:脊柱轻度向左侧突,腰骶部局部叩压痛。会阴区感觉正常。双侧髂腰肌肌力V级,双下肢肌力V级。双侧膝反射、跟腱反射正常。直腿抬高试验双侧(-)。股神经牵拉试验双侧(-)。骨盆无压痛,挤压试验、分离试验(-)。下肢肌张力正常,病理征(-)。





入院诊断:S1病损(肿瘤?结核?)。完善术前检查后,于2015年9月10日行腹直肌旁入路行S1肿瘤切除+大块异体骨植骨术。右侧腹直肌外侧行长约6cm的纵向切口。依次切开皮肤、皮下浅深筋膜,从腹直肌与腹外斜肌间隙进入,钝性分离腹外斜肌、腹内斜肌、腹横肌,显露腹膜后脂肪,沿腹膜外脂肪与腰大肌筋膜之间行钝性分离,由外侧进入腹膜后腔间隙(不进入腹腔)。用大S拉钩将腹腔内容物、输尿管向内侧牵开。沿腰大肌表面向内侧达椎体的前侧面。行肿瘤剥离、显露:膜剥离器剥离椎旁筋膜,尖刀切断S1椎体上、下位的椎间盘纤维环,髓核钳咬除纤维环及髓核。清除病变椎体组织,咬除突入椎管内的剩余骨块及椎间盘,切除相应水平节段的后纵韧带,刮除上、下位椎体的软骨板。椎管扩大减压,解除对脊髓的压迫,并松解粘连神经根。此时L5与S2椎体间形成一骨槽。测量骨槽的高度,选择合适长度异体骨块(上、下钻孔),皮质骨面朝上,轻轻敲入L5与S2椎体之间的骨槽内,确保植骨块后方未压迫脊髓。植骨块与上、下位椎体平齐,检查骨块固定牢靠。术后无并发症发生,切口愈合好。术后第7天X线片显示异体骨块未见松脱,见图1C;病理诊断:动脉瘤样骨囊肿,见图1D。术后4个月CT+三维重建,显示S1区域植入的大块异体骨位置良好,与L5和S2已经融合,见图1E。术后3年随访,未见S1动脉瘤复发。

原始出处:

刘建宏,吴昊,唐海军,刘云,陈县祥,李崇,廖世杰.腹直肌旁入路治疗儿童S_1动脉瘤样骨囊肿1例[J].临床骨科杂志,2020,23(03):455.

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    2020-07-30 wxl882001

    了解一下

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