ACS Nano:降雨强研究组与北大医学部合作在肿瘤治疗方面取得新进展

2019-11-06 遗传与发育所 遗传与发育所

光动力学疗法(Photodynamic therapy, PDT)是通过肿瘤组织对光敏剂的选择性吸收和滞留,利用特定波长的光来激发光敏剂产生活性氧自由基(Reactive Oxygen Species, ROS)来杀伤肿瘤细胞,从而达到治疗目的。与传统的放、化疗相比,光动力学疗法具有极高的时空选择性,对身体整体损伤小,且不容易产生耐药性,在肿瘤治疗中发挥越来越重要的作用。然而,目前临床在用的光敏剂

光动力学疗法(Photodynamic therapy, PDT)是通过肿瘤组织对光敏剂的选择性吸收和滞留,利用特定波长的光来激发光敏剂产生活性氧自由基(Reactive Oxygen Species, ROS)来杀伤肿瘤细胞,从而达到治疗目的。与传统的放、化疗相比,光动力学疗法具有极高的时空选择性,对身体整体损伤小,且不容易产生耐药性,在肿瘤治疗中发挥越来越重要的作用。然而,目前临床在用的光敏剂主要采用可见光激发,组织穿透能力弱,这严重地限制了其应用的范围和治疗效果。

中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所降雨强研究组与北京大学医学部沙印林团队长期合作,致力于纳米功能材料及其生物医学应用研究。研究团队采用二氢硫辛酸为配体的金纳米簇(AuNC@DHLA)作为光敏剂,结合组织穿透深度大的近红外脉冲光源,有效地提高了在体肿瘤的杀伤效果。

AuNC@DHLA 具有优异的双光子性质,其双光子吸收截面(Two Photon Absorption Cross-Section, δ2) 高达 ~106 GM(1 GM = 10-50 cm4 s photon-1),远高于 Alexa 488、GFP 等传统荧光染料(~102 GM)。更为重要的是,在激光照射下,AuNC@DHLA 可产生大量的超氧阴离子 O2-?,实现了基于 I 型机制的光动力治疗(传统的光动力学治疗产生活性氧自由基多以单线态氧 1O2 为主,为 II 型机制)。团队在细胞和活体水平上系统地研究了基于 AuNC@DHLA 光动力治疗的作用机理。实验结果表明,AuNC@DHLA 可通过 caveolae 介导的内吞作用进入肿瘤细胞,并富集在溶酶体部位,在光照条件下诱导产生大量超氧阴离子 O2-?,进而引起溶酶体膜通透性增加,导致线粒体功能受损(膜电势降低、形态改变)及细胞骨架断裂,最终致使细胞凋亡 / 坏死。荷瘤小鼠模型实验结果表明,AuNC@DHLA 可高效抑制肿瘤的生长,其治疗效果明显优于临床在用的艾拉(5-Aminolevulinic acid, 5-ALA)光敏剂。

研究团队发展的 AuNC@DHLA 双光子光动力疗法具有生物安全性高、光动力学疗效好、组织穿透深度大等优点,具有非常重要的临床应用价值。

相关研究结果于 2019 年 10 月 31 日在线发表于国际学术期刊ACS Nano (DOI:10.1021/acsnano.9b05169)。降雨强组助理研究员韩荣成、王志维同学与沙印林组赵苗同学为该论文共同第一作者,降雨强研究员与沙印林教授为共同通讯作者。该研究得到了国家自然科学基金、国家重点研发计划及分子发育生物学国家重点实验室开放课题等项目资助。

原始出处:

Rongcheng HanMiao ZhaoZhiwei Wang, et al. Super-efficient in Vivo Two-Photon Photodynamic Therapy with a Gold Nanocluster as a Type I Photosensitizer. ACS Nano, Articles ASAP (Article). Publication Date (Web):October 31, 2019. DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b05169.

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    2019-11-08 yaanren
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