ESH2019丨尿白蛋白肌酐比与肾小球滤过率进展的危险因素分析:汉中青少年高血压队列的12年随访研究

2019-06-24 国际循环编辑部 国际循环

编者按:第29届欧洲高血压学会(ESH)年会于日前在意大利米兰举行。中国学者在本次大会上贡献了诸多新成果,内容精彩纷呈。西安交通大学第一附属医院牟建军教授研究团队的汪洋博士为读者带来他们的最新研究成果。

编者按:第29届欧洲高血压学会(ESH)年会于日前在意大利米兰举行。中国学者在本次大会上贡献了诸多新成果,内容精彩纷呈。西安交通大学第一附属医院牟建军教授研究团队的汪洋博士为读者带来他们的最新研究成果。



西安交通大学第一附属医院牟建军教授研究团队 汪洋博士

研究背景

慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)已成为全球盛行的重要健康问题。研究显示,中国成年人CKD患病率为10.8%,美国为13.0%。早期CKD患者往往没有任何临床表现,大多数CKD早期患者即便在发达国家也极容易漏诊。此外,CKD患者不仅罹患终末期肾病的风险显著增加,且心血管终点事件的发生和死亡风险也大幅升高。CKD患者主要表现为肾小球滤过率(GFR)的下降或尿白蛋白排泄的增加。尽管大量研究发现尿白蛋白排泄和GFR的许多相关危险因素,但有关他们进展的危险因素,以及短期和长期危险因素变化对其进展的影响仍不清楚。此外,有关尿白蛋白排泄和GFR进展的危险因素之间的差异尚未报道。

研究目的

本研究基于我们既往建立的“汉中青少年高血压研究队列”进行纵向和横断面分析,探讨肾功能进行性进展的相关危险因素,分析相关危险因素的短期和长期变化对肾功能进展的影响。此外,我们还比较了尿白蛋白排泄率和肾小球滤过率之间的危险因素的差异。

研究方法

① 1987年,我们通过对陕西省汉中市的三个乡镇(七里,老君和沙岩)20多所学校的4623例6~15岁青少年进行基线调查,建立了“汉中青少年高血压研究队列”。2005年,我们通过等距采样法基于上述大样本队列建立338例的小样本,并于2013年和2017年分别进行了随访,共随访202例。检测尿白蛋白肌酐比(uACR)和肾小球滤过率(eGFR)。通过纵向分析探讨uACR和eGFR进展的危险因素并比较他们之间的差异。

② 在横断面分析中,我们采用2017年对大样本人群随访到的2342名受试者,分析uACR,eGFR的危险因素及其亚临床肾损伤发生风险之间的关系。

研究结果

① 在纵向分析中,总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白4年的变化与uACR的进展密切相关,而甘油三酯12年的变化与uACR进展呈正相关(b=0.202,P=0.030;表1)。此外,血尿酸4年的变化与eGFR进展显著负相关(b=-0.208,P=0.006;表1)。

表1. 多元线性回归分析危险因素变化与uACR和eGFR进展的关系(n=202)



② 在横断面分析中,uACR水平与性别,空腹血糖,血尿酸和总胆固醇显著正相关;eGFR与性别,年龄和血尿酸呈负相关性(表2)。此外,体重指数、空腹血糖、收缩压、舒张压,吸烟和总胆固醇[1.020(1.006~1.033)]是亚临床肾损伤的独立危险因素。进一步分析发现,随着总胆固醇水平四分位数的增加,uACR水平分别为1.79 mg/mmol、2.68 mg/mmol、2.87 mg/mmol和4.32 mg/mmol(P趋势<0.001,图1A)。此外,随着血尿酸四分位数的增加,eGFR分别为107.8 ml·min-1·1.73 m-2、103.0 ml·min-1·1.73 m-2、97.7 ml·min-1·1.73 m-2和92.1 ml·min-1·1.73 m-2(P趋势=0.001,图1B)。

表2. 多元线性回归分析各因素与uACR和eGFR之间的关系(n=2342)





图1. 根据血清甘油三酯四分位数分组的uACR水平(A)和
根据血尿酸四分位数分组的eGFR水平(B)

结论

本研究发现,总胆固醇和甘油三酯在uACR进展的不同阶段发挥不同作用,且总胆固酮与亚临床肾损伤的发生密切相关。此外,血尿酸与eGFR水平及其进行性下降显著负相关。该研究可为看似健康的人群个体尽早控制血脂和尿酸预防肾功能下降提供理论依据。

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style='color:#2F92EE;'>#白蛋白#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71767, encryptionId=cd37e1767b5, topicName=白蛋白)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=25d7319, createdName=珙桐, createdTime=Wed Jun 26 14:50:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-07-31 habb
  4. 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    2019-12-24 18638982816雅雅

    的确需要重视了!

    0

  5. 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  6. 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style='color:#2F92EE;'>#白蛋白#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71767, encryptionId=cd37e1767b5, topicName=白蛋白)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=25d7319, createdName=珙桐, createdTime=Wed Jun 26 14:50:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-08-21 heromayao

    重新学习,利于重找思路

    0

  7. 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style='color:#2F92EE;'>#白蛋白#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71767, encryptionId=cd37e1767b5, topicName=白蛋白)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=25d7319, createdName=珙桐, createdTime=Wed Jun 26 14:50:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-07-08 heromayao

    学习了

    0

  8. 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style='color:#2F92EE;'>#白蛋白#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71767, encryptionId=cd37e1767b5, topicName=白蛋白)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=25d7319, createdName=珙桐, createdTime=Wed Jun 26 14:50:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-07-04 12023242m70暂无昵称

    探讨肾功能进行性进展的相关危险因素,分析相关危险因素的短期和长期变化对肾功能进展的影响。此外,我们还比较了尿白蛋白排泄率和肾小球滤过率之间的危险因素的差异。

    0

  9. 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style='color:#2F92EE;'>#白蛋白#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=22, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71767, encryptionId=cd37e1767b5, topicName=白蛋白)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=25d7319, createdName=珙桐, createdTime=Wed Jun 26 14:50:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-26, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2019-06-26 俅侠
  10. 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    2019-06-26 珙桐

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