Circulation:纤维母细胞的初级纤毛对心肌纤维化的重要作用

2019-05-18 MedSci MedSci原创

初级纤毛是一种独特的细胞结构,见于多种类型的细胞,从细胞表面延伸出来,在脊椎动物的发育过程中起着至关重要的作用,包括心脏的发育。虽然纤毛细胞在心脏发育过程中的作用已有研究,但纤毛细胞在成人心脏中的作用尚无报道。现已明确某些编码纤毛蛋白的基因突变所导致的多囊肾病患者,常会伴发多种心血管症状。现研究人员对纤毛细胞在成人心脏中的作用进行研究。对C57BL/6小鼠胚胎、新生鼠和成年鼠的心脏进行组织学分析来

初级纤毛是一种独特的细胞结构,见于多种类型的细胞,从细胞表面延伸出来,在脊椎动物的发育过程中起着至关重要的作用,包括心脏的发育。虽然纤毛细胞在心脏发育过程中的作用已有研究,但纤毛细胞在成人心脏中的作用尚无报道。现已明确某些编码纤毛蛋白的基因突变所导致的多囊肾病患者,常会伴发多种血管症状。现研究人员对纤毛细胞在成人心脏中的作用进行研究。

对C57BL/6小鼠胚胎、新生鼠和成年鼠的心脏进行组织学分析来评估初级纤毛。采用针对纤毛(乙酰化微管蛋白、γ微管蛋白、多囊蛋白[PC]1、PC2和KIF3A)、纤维母细胞(波形蛋白、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白和纤维母细胞特异性蛋白1)和心肌细胞(α-肌动蛋白和肌钙蛋白I)的特异性抗体在三种损伤模型(根尖切除,缺血/再灌注,心肌梗死)中鉴定纤毛细胞的类型和分布。采用统一的方法评估梗死的人心肌组织中的初级纤毛细胞。

研究人员仅在小鼠、大鼠和人类心脏的纤维母细胞中特异性的检测到初级纤毛。纤毛纤维母细胞在心肌损伤的区域富集。在初级纤毛敲除的纤维母细胞中,转化生长因子β1信号和SMAD3的激活受损。细胞外基质蛋白的水平和功能也受到影响。在体内,心肌梗死后激活的纤维母细胞中PC1缺陷会破坏重构反应。

新生鼠和成年鼠心脏中的纤维母细胞均存在初级纤毛。该细胞器及其必需的信号蛋白PC1是纤维形成的关键元素所必需的,包括转化生长因子β1-SMAD3激活、细胞外基质蛋白的合成和细胞收缩。总体来说,本研究结果表明该细胞器和PC1在疾病相关的病理性心室重构过程中具有重要作用,提示常染色体显性遗传性多囊肾病患者的血管表现是直接源于心肌自主异常。

原始出处:

Elisa Villalobos,et al.Fibroblast Primary Cilia Are Required for Cardiac Fibrosis. Circulation.14 May 2019. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.028752. 2019;139:2342–2357

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    2020-02-19 okhuali
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    2019-05-25 qq861024

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