膀胱巨大黏膜下平滑肌瘤超声表现1例

2018-05-17 杨金锋 朱柱 温纯纯 临床超声医学杂志

患者女,38岁,因“尿频、尿急、尿不尽伴小腹坠涨1年余”就诊。

【一般资料】

患者女,38岁,

【主诉】

因“尿频、尿急、尿不尽伴小腹坠涨1年余”就诊。

【辅助检查】

实验室检查和体格检查未见明显异常。超声检查:膀胱充盈欠佳(患者不能耐受),膀胱左前壁,于膀胱轮廓内显示大小约10.1cm×8.8cm×7.6cm类椭圆形低回声区,内部回声稍欠均匀,可见点片状较低回声及条索状、漩涡状低回声散在分布,界限清晰,似有包膜,凸向膀胱腔内,占位效应明显,受压的膀胱内侧壁黏膜面光滑、连续,呈波浪样起伏(图1A)。左侧输尿管受压下端开口处受压显示欠佳,可见喷尿时形成的尿液流动,左侧肾脏集合系统分离约14mm;CDFI:上述低回声内显示较丰富的点条状彩色血流信号,周边明显(图1B);频谱多普勒:峰值血流速度35cm/s,阻力指数0.68。超声诊断:膀胱左前壁黏膜下实性占位性病变,考虑为非上皮源性肿瘤(膀胱平滑肌瘤可能性大、质地欠均匀)。CT平扫:膀胱左侧壁间大小约9.9cm×7.9cm椭圆形软组织密度影,边缘光整,内部密度略欠均匀,CT值约为27HU(图2A)。增强CT:病灶周缘强化明显,内部不均匀性强化,CT值约48HU,其周围及盆腔内未见明显增大淋巴结(图2B)。CT诊断:膀胱实性占位,良性病变可能。





【治疗】

遂行肿瘤剥除术,见一大小为10cm×8cm×6cm灰白色结节;术后病理证实为膀胱平滑肌瘤伴水肿和局灶性红色变性。

【讨论】

膀胱肿瘤分为上皮来源及非上皮来源,非上皮源性肿瘤包括神经分泌性肿瘤(异位嗜铬细胞瘤)、小细胞(癌、类癌)、间叶组织肿瘤(平滑肌瘤、横纹肌肉瘤、平滑肌肉瘤等)造血及淋巴组织肿瘤。膀胱上皮源性肿瘤占膀胱肿瘤的95%以上,膀胱非上皮性肿瘤中最常见的良性肿瘤是平滑肌瘤及嗜铬细胞瘤、恶性肿瘤为横纹肌肉瘤;平滑肌肉瘤及淋巴瘤较少见,其中平滑肌瘤的发病率不足膀胱肿瘤的0.04%~0.50%,可分为黏膜下型、壁间型及浆膜下型。膀胱非上皮源性肿瘤临床上可无症状,仅在体检时发现,瘤体较大时可因附近脏器受压出现相应临床症状;膀胱嗜铬细胞瘤可伴有阵发性高血压症状,过度憋尿后排尿可出现头痛、心悸等特征性表现,有利于疾病诊断。本例患者仅表现为尿路刺激,无血尿等临床以外的症状,膀胱镜检仅能发现膀胱内壁受压,黏膜层完好,局限性较大,超声检查可以实时、动态扫查肿块情况,以及与周围组织间的关系;CDFI能评估肿块内血供情况,为手术方式提供较为准确的参考价值。

原始出处:

杨金锋, 朱柱, 温纯纯,等. 膀胱巨大黏膜下平滑肌瘤超声表现1例[J]. 临床超声医学杂志, 2017, 19(2):112-112.

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    2018-05-19 snowpeakxu
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    2018-05-18 1201e5c5m39暂无昵称

    厉害了

    0

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    2018-05-17 wzb521zf

    一起学习学习

    0

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