Nature:重磅!这次,饿死癌细胞,真的有希望!

2018-01-11 Juka 转化医学网

这些年来,饿死癌细胞的言论在网上不断流传。包括浙江大学肿瘤研究所教授胡汛发表在国际生物和医学领域权威杂志《elife》上利用小苏打治疗癌症,以及清华大学颜宁团队在《Nature》上面发表的一篇文章了解清楚GLUT1的组成、结构和工作机理,在后续的新闻发布会上也被不少媒体以“饿死癌细胞”为题迅速引起热议。

这些年来,饿死癌细胞的言论在网上不断流传。包括浙江大学肿瘤研究所教授胡汛发表在国际生物和医学领域权威杂志《elife》上利用小苏打治疗癌症,以及清华大学颜宁团队在《Nature》上面发表的一篇文章了解清楚GLUT1的组成、结构和工作机理,在后续的新闻发布会上也被不少媒体以“饿死癌细胞”为题迅速引起热议。

然而随着后续事件的进展,人们发现饿死癌细胞并不是如此简单的事情。癌细胞比正常的细胞需要更多的能量来满足自己的分裂增长需求,然而很多时候,我们在饿死癌细胞的时候,正常细胞也被饿死了。在医学领域中,杀死癌细胞的药物多不胜数,然而杀死癌细胞的同时,不杀死患者的药物就凤毛麟角。同样的,饿死癌细胞的同时,不饿死正常细胞,这才是突破的开始。


而在1月10号最新的一期《Nature》杂志上面,刊登了一篇来自Salk研究所的一篇文章,名为“Pharmacological activation of REV-ERBs is lethal in cancer and oncogene-induced senescence”。在这篇文中中,研究人员发现了一种新的饿死癌细胞的方法!最关键的是:新方法饿死癌细胞的同时,对正常细胞并没有影响!

而当我们打开这篇文章的时候,又不得不感慨2017年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖分量之重:生物钟的研究已经为生物医学的研究打开了一扇新的大门。

人类的身体遵循着一定的昼夜节律进行生活、工作,这种节律被称为人体的生物钟。生物钟不仅帮助人们可以更好的适应生活、保持健康,其同时还帮助控制人体中细胞产生和使用各种营养物质。

在此前的研究中,研究人员发现了一种可以控制细胞内脂肪合成的蛋白质,其同时也控制细胞内营养物质的循环再生过程(包括自噬),这种蛋白质称为REV-ERBα和REV-ERBβ。在健康的细胞中REV-ERB维持在较低的水平,这个时候人类内的细胞会允许脂肪和自噬活动持续的时间为12个小时,而在另外的时间内,细胞中REV-ERB的水平会很高,从而阻止细胞中的脂肪合成和相应的物质循环。

癌细胞的生长和繁殖需要依赖大量的脂肪合成和细胞自噬产物,所以研究人员想了解激活REV-ERB是否会降低癌细胞的增长。他们通过REV-ERB激活剂SR9009和SR9011来激活细胞中的REV-ERB,同时在不同的癌症细胞中进行治疗。这些癌症细胞来自于不同的癌种:包括白血病乳腺癌,结肠直肠癌,黑色素瘤和成胶质细胞瘤的癌细胞。

然后令人振奋的结果出现!研究人员发现,在这些癌症细胞中,激活REV-ERB均能有效的杀死癌细胞!并且最关键的是:由于正常细胞本身就收到REV-ERB蛋白的抑制,所以他们在该种疗法中丝毫不受影响!

在此之后,研究人员为了进一步印证这个结果是否可靠,研究人员设计了新的小鼠模型——胶质母细胞瘤脑肿瘤模型,并测试药物的效果。同样的,令人振奋的结果再次出现:REV-ERB激活剂再次成功地杀死癌细胞并阻止肿瘤生长,但不影响其余的小鼠细胞!


治疗后,小鼠体内的肿瘤不断缩小

这个研究结果让人惊喜万分!这也意味着现有的REV-ERB激活剂可能在癌症的潜在治疗药物!他们和人类的昼夜节律、新陈代谢以及癌症发展有着密不可分的关系!

Salk研究所管理生物学实验室教授,研究的主要作者Salkidananda Panda说道:“正常的细胞已经适应了生物节律的限制,但是癌细胞显然需要索取更多。而当我们截断脂肪合成的时候,我们发现癌细胞真的被饿死了。”

而参与该项研究的Salk研究所遗传学实验室教授Inder Verma则表示:“透过REV-ERBs蛋白,我们开始触摸到细胞生长和增殖的核心。当然在以后我们会找到更多的方法,饿死癌细胞。”而在接下来,研究人员将进一步发掘REV-ERBs肠道微生物之间的联系,以及其在癌症繁殖中的作用。
原始出处:
Gabriele Sulli,Inder M. Verma,Satchidananda Panda.et al.Pharmacological activation of REV-ERBs is lethal in cancer and oncogene-induced senescence.Nature.10 January 2018

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    2018-01-26 1209e435m98(暂无昵称)

    学习了.谢谢分享

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    2018-01-22 1209e435m98(暂无昵称)

    学习了.谢谢分享

    0

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    2018-11-08 liye789132251
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    2018-01-15 1209e435m98(暂无昵称)

    学习了.谢谢分享

    0

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    2018-01-13 yxch36
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    2018-01-13 xxxx1054
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    2018-01-11 金福珠猪

    佩服!

    0

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