Nat Med (IF29.886):上海交大瑞金医院王卫庆教授证实,通过肠道微生物群可干预肥胖

2017-07-20 佚名 解说国自然

近日,国际顶尖期刊Nat Med (IF=29.886)刊发了来自上海交大瑞金医院王卫庆教授的文章:Gut microbiome and serum metabolome alterations in obesity and after weight-loss intervention。主题是:Nat Med (IF=29.886):上海交大瑞金医院王卫庆教授证实,通过肠道微生物群可干预肥胖,

近日,国际顶尖期刊Nat Med (IF=29.886)刊发了来自上海交大瑞金医院王卫庆教授的文章:Gut microbiome and serum metabolome alterations in obesity and after weight-loss intervention。

主题是:Nat Med (IF=29.886):上海交大瑞金医院王卫庆教授证实,通过肠道微生物群可干预肥胖,供大家分享。

以下是文章首页:



Abstract

Emerging evidence has linked the gut microbiome to human obesity. We performed a metagenome-wide association study and serum metabolomics profiling in a cohort of lean and obese, young, Chinese individuals. We identified obesity-associated gut microbial species linked to changes in circulating metabolites. The abundance of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, a glutamate-fermenting commensal, was markedly decreased in obese individuals and was inversely correlated with serum glutamate concentration. Consistently, gavage with B. thetaiotaomicron reduced plasma glutamate concentration and alleviated diet-induced body-weight gain and adiposity in mice. Furthermore, weight-loss intervention by bariatric surgery partially reversed obesity-associated microbial and metabolic alterations in obese individuals, including the decreased abundance of B. thetaiotaomicron and the elevated serum glutamate concentration. Our findings identify previously unknown links between intestinal microbiota alterations, circulating amino acids and obesity, suggesting that it may be possible to intervene in obesity by targeting the gut microbiota.

奇点网(微信公众号)也进行了报道:



同时,国家基金委(NSFC)网站也进行了报道:



我国学者对肠道菌群在肥胖中作用的研究取得重要成果

日期 2017-07-11 来源:医学科学部   作者:何金汗 李萃



图. 正常体重人群(左)和肥胖人群(右)的肠道菌群组成差异

在国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:81621061,81522011)等资助下,上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院王卫庆教授团队以中国汉族青少年为研究对象,首次揭示中国肥胖人群的肠道菌群组成,发现一个能抑制肥胖的肠道微生物-多形拟杆菌(Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron),并阐述了其对代谢物氨基酸水平的影响,该研究成果以“Gut microbiome and serum metabolome alterations in obesity and after weight-loss intervention”(肥胖及减肥干预后肠道菌群和血清代谢物改变)为题于2017年6月19日在线发表在Nature Medicine上。论文链接:http://www.nature.com/nm/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nm.4358.html。上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院刘瑞欣博士、洪洁教授、顾燕云博士、华大基因徐晓强、冯强博士、张东亚为论文的共同第一作者,瑞金医院的王卫庆教授、宁光院士和华大基因的Karsten Kristiansen教授为该研究的通讯作者。

在我国,糖尿病、心脑血管疾病等慢性代谢性疾病的患病率逐年攀升。肥胖与超重是导致慢性代谢紊乱的主要病因。减肥日益成为大众广泛关心的健康问题,如何能够找到安全有效的减肥靶点是目前亟待解决的科学问题。肠道菌群与人类多种疾病的发生密切相关。西方人群研究表明,肥胖人群存在肠道菌群结构失调,细菌多样性下降,然而在菌种水平导致肥胖发生的细菌仍所知甚少,中国肥胖人群肠道菌群特征又如何?如何影响人体代谢水平?是否可以利用肠道共生菌开发减肥药物?

上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院王卫庆教授团队聚焦青少年肥胖人群的肠道菌群研究,建立较大规模、高质量青少年肥胖-正常体重人群队列(GOCY研究),与华大基因合作开展肠道菌群宏基因组测序并进行深度解析,首次揭示中国青少年肥胖的肠道菌群组成,发现一系列丰度显着异于正常人群的肠道共生菌,其中多形拟杆菌丰度在肥胖人群明显下降,进一步通过代谢组学分析血清代谢物水平,发现肥胖人群中谷氨酸的含量显着高于正常体重人群,并且其含量与多形拟杆菌数量呈反比(见图)。进一步通过小鼠灌胃实验研究证明多形拟杆菌能够降低降低小鼠血清谷氨酸浓度,增加脂肪细胞的脂肪分解和脂肪酸氧化过程,从而降低脂肪堆积,延缓体重增长速度、降低肥胖度。为了进一步证明多形拟杆菌在减肥获益中的作用,研究团队进一步分析了接受减重手术(袖状胃切除术)的肥胖患者手术前后的肠道菌群改变,发现肥胖患者肠道内下降的多形拟杆菌在减重手术3月后即明显升高,恢复至正常体重人群水平,同时,术后血清谷氨酸水平亦明显下降至接近正常体重人群水平。这些研究结果提示,多形拟杆菌水平的恢复可能有助于肥胖患者的减重过程。

这项研究结合队列人群、动物及临床干预等多层次证据,证明多形拟杆菌有望成为新的益生菌研发靶点,用于减肥药物或食品研发;该工作为未来针对中国人减肥药物的研究提供了全新的方向和候选菌株。

当然,此类研究,在之前也有类似的报道:

2016年6月Nature揭示:肠道菌群变化导致肥胖机制,饮食变化导致的肠道菌群变化与增加的乙酸产生存在因果关系。







原始出处:
[1]Ruixin Liu,Jie Hong,Xiaoqiang Xu et.al.Gut microbiome and serum metabolome alterations in obesity and after weight-loss intervention.Nature Medicine 23, 859–868 (2017) doi:10.1038/nm.4358
[2]Rachel J. Perry,Liang Peng,Natasha A. Barry et.al.Acetate mediates a microbiome–brain–β-cell axis to promote metabolic syndrome.Nature 534, 213–217 (09 June 2016) doi:10.1038/nature18309

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    2017-07-20 衣带渐宽

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