2019 WCLC:五年五倍! 全球NSCLC免疫治疗三期临床研究5年生存结果公布—CM017/057汇总分析

2019-09-15 肿瘤资讯 良医汇-肿瘤医生APP

IASLC世界肺癌大会(World Conference on Lung Cancer,WCLC)是世界上最大的致力于肺癌和其他胸部恶性肿瘤的学术会议,也是致力于肺癌研究唯一的全球性组织,今年第20届会议于9月7~10日在西班牙-巴塞罗那举行,会议的主题是“Conquering Thoracic Cancers Worldwide”。纳武利尤单抗(Nivolumab)作为第一个证实在经治晚期NSC

IASLC世界肺癌大会(World Conference on Lung Cancer,WCLC)是世界上最大的致力于肺癌和其他胸部恶性肿瘤的学术会议,也是致力于肺癌研究唯一的全球性组织,今年第20届会议于9月7~10日在西班牙-巴塞罗那举行,会议的主题是“Conquering Thoracic Cancers Worldwide”。纳武利尤单抗(Nivolumab)作为第一个证实在经治晚期NSCLC中总生存获益明显优于多西他赛的PD-1抑制剂,在此次大会上公布了其全球Ⅲ期临床CheckMate 017/057研究5年随访生存结果,接受免疫治疗的患者的五年生存率是否会能持续保持长生存优势?



研究回顾

CheckMate 017和CheckMate 057研究是纳武利尤单抗两项关键Ⅲ期、开放、随机临床试验,也是免疫治疗开启NSCLC肿瘤免疫临床应用大门的经典研究。该研究主要评估Nivolumab(3mg/kg,每2周给药一次)与标准治疗多西他赛(75mg/m2,每3周给药一次)在既往含铂双药化疗期间或之后进展的晚期非小细胞肺癌患者中应用的疗效和安全性。在完成初次分析后,接受多西他赛治疗不再获益的患者可以交叉到纳武利尤单抗组。两项研究的主要研究终点都为OS。

2015年ASCO年会上,首次报道CheckMate 017和CheckMate 057研究1年生存结果,在肺鳞癌患者中,纳武利尤单抗组对比多西他赛组1年生存率分别为42% vs 24%,死亡风险降低41%;非鳞癌组为51% vs 39%,死亡风险降低27%。正是基于这两项临床研究的结果,全球不同地区相继获批了纳武利尤单抗免疫单药二线治疗的适应证。此后在2016年ASCO年会公布了CheckMate 017和CheckMate 057的2年随访结果,2017年ESMO大会继续更新了其3年随访结果;在今年AACR会议上发布的一项迄今为止最大规模的经治NSCLC患者纳武利尤单抗治疗的汇总分析中,报道了CheckMate 017和CheckMate 057的汇总分析患者的4年总生存率。再接再厉,此次WCLC会议上公布了CheckMate 017/057研究5年随访生存结果,持续验证免疫治疗长生存优势。



CheckMate 017/057研究的研究设计

2019年WCLC会议数据更新:Checkmate 017/057的患者5年随访生存结果

经过5年随访,接受纳武利尤单抗治疗的患者有50例存活,接受多西他赛治疗的患者有9例。纳武利尤单抗组和多西他赛组患者5年OS率分别为13.4%vs 2.6%(HR,0.68 [95%CI,0.59-0.78]),显示纳武利尤单抗较多西他赛组显著提高长期生存达5倍。



纳武利尤单抗OS获益显著,5年OS率分别为13.4% vs 2.6%



纳武利尤单抗组PFS和DOR也显著延长,5年PFS率为8%vs 0% 

在纳武利尤单抗(19.7%)或多西他赛(11.2%)治疗有效的患者中,32%接受纳武利尤单抗治疗的患者在治疗5年时依旧应答,而多西他赛治疗组中已无应答患者,两组中位有效时间分别为19.9个月和5.6个月。经过5年随访,两组的幸存者中,纳武利尤单抗组36%的患者仍在使用该药物,而多西他赛组为0%;两组中分别有20% vs 67%的患者接受了免疫治疗(无论是在组还是出组);两组10% vs 0%的患者不再使用研究药物后无进展且未接受后续治疗。该分析提示免疫治疗一旦起效疗效持久,患者生存预后更好。

安全性数据显示,随着随访时间的延长,未发现新的安全事件。随访的第3至第5年,31例接受纳武利尤单抗治疗患者中有8例(26%)报告了治疗相关不良事件,仅1例(3%)为3~4级。最常见的治疗相关不良事件(TRAE)主要发生在皮肤,4例(13%)患者均为1~2级。



随着随访时间延长,纳武利尤单抗无新的安全事件,安全性良好,患者耐受性良好

最后,此次数据的汇报者,来自美国耶鲁综合癌症中心的Dr. Scott Gettinger 展示了此次5年数据分析结论:CheckMate 017和057是首个报道经治晚期NSCLC患者接受PD-1抑制剂治疗5年结果的Ⅲ期临床研究,证实了使用纳武利尤单抗(13.4%)较多西他赛(2.6%)可以使患者的5年OS率提高了5倍。并且,纳武利尤单抗未发现新发安全信号,无迟发性3~4级治疗相关的不良反应出现。

讨论

纳武利尤单抗已于2018年在中国获批用于NSCLC患者的二线治疗,其获批是基于中国Ⅲ期临床试验CheckMate 078研究的结果,而CheckMate 017/057是CheckMate 078研究的“全球版本”。三个研究的结果保持了一致,显示无论是鳞癌还是非鳞癌患者,二线及以上纳武利尤单抗免疫治疗均显著优于化疗。

2019年AACR会议上发布了一项迄今为止最大规模的经治NSCLC患者纳武利尤单抗治疗的汇总分析,涵盖了有关经治晚期非小细胞肺癌接受纳武利尤单抗治疗的Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期临床研究——CheckMate 003、CheckMate 063、CheckMate 017和CheckMate 057的患者,人数超过1000人,研究最短随访时间达51.6个月。汇总分析结果显示,所有接受纳武利尤单抗治疗的患者4年总生存率达到了14%;其中CheckMate 017和CheckMate 057的汇总分析显示:纳武利尤单抗组和多西他赛组患者4年OS率分别为14%和5%,长期获益优先尽显。

此次WCLC会上CheckMate 017/057 研究5年生存数据显示:接受纳武利尤单抗治疗的患者五年总生存率是化疗的5倍。作为免疫治疗在肺癌领域的首个Ⅲ期临床注册研究,提供了随访时间最长的大样本数据,持续证实免疫治疗长期生存优势,为肿瘤免疫临床治疗带来更强信心。

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    2019-09-17 木头人514
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    2019-09-15 肿肿

    NSCLC下一步突破在于新靶点了,靶向治疗和免疫治疗基本见顶了,再有新的就需要新机制了

    0

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