Nature Commun:表观遗传学变化可促使细胞产生“永久性”癌变!

2017-11-14 心湖 转化医学网

来自伦敦玛丽皇后大学(QMUL)的一项最新研究表明,改变单一基因的表观遗传密码足以导致健康的乳腺细胞开始连锁反应并变得异常。这些发现可能帮助实现癌症的早期筛查,以及找到运用基因编辑技术的新型疗法。


来自伦敦玛丽皇后大学(QMUL)的一项最新研究表明,改变单一基因的表观遗传密码足以导致健康的乳腺细胞开始连锁反应并变得异常。这些发现可能帮助实现癌症的早期筛查,以及找到运用基因编辑技术的新型疗法。
 
表观遗传学的永久影响

表观遗传学改变是癌症的标志,但到目前为止,还不知道这些改变是否足以使健康细胞产生癌变。
 
使用CRISPR-dCas9表观遗传学编辑工具,研究人员将健康乳腺细胞中的不同基因甲基化,发现这些变化足以导致细胞发生“过度增殖”,而异常快速的细胞分裂正是肿瘤发生的早期阶段。
 
这项研究利用来自“Breast Cancer Now Tissue Bank”乳腺癌细胞,并将在《自然通讯》上发表,这也表明,表观遗传变化是会随着细胞分裂一直被遗传下去的,并且研究人员的这些操作会永久地,负面地影响来自健康人体的乳腺细胞。
 


首席研究员Gabriella Ficz博士说:“令人惊讶的是,来自多个健康人体的细胞是如此轻易地接受这种表观遗传变化,并且来自表观遗传学编辑工具的“命中”足以引发这种表观遗传学的连锁反应继承。”
 
这些发现可能有助于科学家更好地了解可引发异常细胞的早期表观遗传变化,以及疾病前状态与癌症之间的转变。这可能有助于开发新的生物标志物用于早期诊断
 
促使新的治疗方式的出现

在未来,表观遗传学编辑也可以通过发起细胞生物学的永久性变化来设计新的疗法。这对于基因编辑来说可能是一种更可行的或替代的方法,因为直接进行DNA编辑将具有更大的风险,表观遗传学编辑更容易可逆。
 
Ficz博士还解释说,这些发现可能会影响我们对衰老和癌症的认识:“表观遗传的波动每时每刻都在我们的细胞中发生,我们知道,在衰老过程中,我们的表观基因组被逐渐扭曲即所谓的”表观遗传漂移“。因此,我们很想要弄清楚这种漂移是否会引发或加速衰老相关疾病的发生。年龄是癌症中最大的引发因素,因此我们的研究强调了理解表观遗传漂移背后机制的重要性。
 
原始出处:

Emily A. Saunderson, Peter Stepper, Jennifer J. Gomm, et al.Hit-and-run epigenetic editing prevents senescence entry in primary breast cells from healthy donors.Nature Communications 8, Article number: 1450 (2017) doi:10.1038/s41467-017-01078-2

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    2018-09-16 一叶知秋
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    2018-06-18 liuli5079
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    2017-11-16 axin014
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    2017-11-15 天涯183

    非常好的文章.学习了

    0

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    2017-11-15 jihuaijun1112

    学习学习学习

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