丹麦研究发现饮用水中超限值硝酸盐会增加肠癌风险

2018-06-14 佚名 科技部

丹麦目前饮用水中的硝酸盐限值是基于世卫组织的建议而规定的,而据丹麦奥胡斯大学的一项新研究表明,应该重新考虑限值。初级和饮用水中的硝酸盐主要来源于农业中的粪肥,几十年来硝酸盐不仅导致环境问题,而且被怀疑具有致癌性。该领域迄今为止最大的流行病学研究表明,即使饮用水中硝酸盐的数量远低于目前的限值,硝酸盐与癌症也存在一定的关联。这一结果发表在科学杂志《国际癌症杂志》上。

丹麦目前饮用水中的硝酸盐限值是基于世卫组织的建议而规定的,而据丹麦奥胡斯大学的一项新研究表明,应该重新考虑限值。初级和饮用水中的硝酸盐主要来源于农业中的粪肥,几十年来硝酸盐不仅导致环境问题,而且被怀疑具有致癌性。该领域迄今为止最大的流行病学研究表明,即使饮用水中硝酸盐的数量远低于目前的限值,硝酸盐与癌症也存在一定的关联。这一结果发表在科学杂志《国际癌症杂志》上。

丹麦研究人员已经计算出了丹麦人生活中暴露于硝酸盐的数量,并将其与丹麦癌症诊断信息进行了比较。研究人员通过追踪 1978 - 2011 年期间 270 万丹麦人,对超过 200,000 个饮用水样本的硝酸盐进行了分析研究,这项调查成为该领域最大和最详细的调查。丹麦每年大约有 5000 例结直肠癌或直肠癌,这可能是由于许多原因造成的。研究表明,饮用水中的硝酸盐可能是其中之一。在本研究中,丹麦人暴露于硝酸盐浓度最高饮用水(每升水 9.3 毫克以上)与未暴露的人(低于每升水 1.3 毫克)相比,患结肠癌的风险增加了 15%,目前世卫组织的限值为每升水 50 毫克硝酸盐,但是当浓度高于每升水约 4 毫克硝酸盐时,已经可以看到癌症风险的增加。

丹麦和欧盟目前的限值符合世界卫生组织的标准。目前的标准主要是为避免所谓的“蓝孩子综合症”,即亚硝酸盐中毒阻止氧气分布到体内。这种疾病仅影响婴儿,在丹麦很少发生。研究结果证实了硝酸盐会增加结肠癌和直肠癌的风险。当硝酸盐转化为致癌物,即体内的 N - 亚硝基化合物时,健康风险就会发生。肠癌是丹麦最常见的癌症之一,也是全球第三大癌症。

丹麦专家表示,其研究的结论与几项国际研究结果一致,表明硝酸盐极限值应该更低,以防止慢性健康的影响,而不仅仅是像蓝色儿童综合症这样的急性影响,因此,水中的硝酸盐极限值需要重新考虑。

原始出处:

Jrg Schullehner, et al. Nitrate in drinking water and colorectal cancer risk: A nationwide population‐based cohort study. IJC, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.31306.

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    2018-10-16 sjq027
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    2018-10-12 paperyu
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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2061754, encodeId=fa4f2061e54df, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e6e1e15509f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=32, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71550, encryptionId=e6e1e15509f, topicName=癌风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d58a435, createdName=sjq027, createdTime=Tue Oct 16 22:02:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2053360, encodeId=ae0a205336074, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9588101205bd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#饮用水#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101205, encryptionId=9588101205bd, topicName=饮用水)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=37d0457, createdName=yhj-time, createdTime=Thu Jan 17 04:02:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1756254, encodeId=74611e5625499, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0249e354370' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#硝酸盐#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=36, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73543, encryptionId=0249e354370, topicName=硝酸盐)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=29e537091297, createdName=paperyu, createdTime=Fri Oct 12 20:02:00 CST 2018, time=2018-10-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1753408, encodeId=3ecb1e534084f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6a57e33772b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#研究发现#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=24, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73377, encryptionId=6a57e33772b, topicName=研究发现)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7e1736602208, createdName=hanhaisha2020, createdTime=Mon Jul 23 00:02:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=326026, encodeId=ffc2326026ce, content=学习了.谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRk75KAEKrLGic0S0IvH1aNynsEFQWiaNKdtzvtwj2kafCoPg2icYVbrfBCFiaS74X1uEiaaTTY1H9Xyem/0, createdBy=cec11614828, createdName=chunjianf, createdTime=Fri Jun 22 06:31:14 CST 2018, time=2018-06-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=325262, encodeId=1d17325262ca, content=学习了.谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NfNLvzZhgPxRk75KAEKrLGic0S0IvH1aNynsEFQWiaNKdtzvtwj2kafCoPg2icYVbrfBCFiaS74X1uEiaaTTY1H9Xyem/0, createdBy=cec11614828, createdName=chunjianf, createdTime=Tue Jun 19 06:40:49 CST 2018, time=2018-06-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=324175, encodeId=95803241e5a8, content=......, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0aa31415219, createdName=orangesking, createdTime=Thu Jun 14 18:48:27 CST 2018, time=2018-06-14, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-06-22 chunjianf

    学习了.谢谢分享

    0

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    2018-06-19 chunjianf

    学习了.谢谢分享

    0

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    2018-06-14 orangesking

    ......

    0

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