JAMA Neurol:颈内动脉颅内段粥样硬化增高卒中风险

2014-03-04 lighthouse dxy

动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死是缺血性卒中最常见的类型。其中,颈内动脉颅内段的粥样硬化被认为是40岁以上人群卒中的最重要危险因素,也是各种卒中防治手段的主要干预靶点。目前,关于白种人中颅内动脉粥样硬化对卒中影响的研究仍较有限。曾有报道发现,当以颈内动脉颅内段的钙化(ICAC)作为动脉粥样硬化的指标,有超过80%的白种人存在颅内动脉粥样硬化。近期,来自于荷兰鹿特丹伊拉姆斯医学中心的M. Arfan Ikram

动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死是缺血性卒中最常见的类型。其中,颈内动脉颅内段的粥样硬化被认为是40岁以上人群卒中的最重要危险因素,也是各种卒中防治手段的主要干预靶点。目前,关于白种人中颅内动脉粥样硬化对卒中影响的研究仍较有限。曾有报道发现,当以颈内动脉颅内段的钙化(ICAC)作为动脉粥样硬化的指标,有超过80%的白种人存在颅内动脉粥样硬化。近期,来自于荷兰鹿特丹伊拉姆斯医学中心的M. Arfan Ikram教授等报道了一项为期6年的大样本队列研究结果,揭示了颅内动脉粥样硬化对白种人卒中的影响。

该研究于2003年至2006年之间随机入组了一共2323名无卒中的研究对象,平均年龄69.5岁,并采用CT成像对ICAC体积进行测量。对所有研究对象随访至2012年1月1日,以了解随访期间卒中的发生情况。6年内的总随访数为14055人年,共监测到91例卒中,其中74例为缺血性卒中。相关分析显示,基线时ICAC体积较大的个体随访期内发生卒中的风险明显增高,该作用不受其它心血管危险因素、超声成像的颈动脉斑块情况以及其它血管内的钙化影响。结果发现,ICAC每增加一个标准差的卒中和缺血性卒中风险比(HR)分别为1.43和1.39。该研究结果显示,大约有75%的卒中病例的发生和颈动脉颅内段钙化有关,而和主动脉弓以及颈外动脉钙化有关的卒中分别仅占45%和25%。

该研究提示颈动脉颅内段的粥样硬化可能是造成白种人卒中的主要危险因素,其重要性甚至高于其它近端血管病变。目前,卒中的干预防措施包括各种药物治疗以及血管内治疗手段,而不论是药物治疗还是介入治疗,动脉粥样硬化病变都是重要的干预靶点,这一研究的结果进一步为今后实施积极的卒中一级预防措施提供了重要依据。


图1. CT成像显示的颈动脉颅内段钙化

方框中的白色为轴位CT成像中的颈内动脉;B.从岩骨(底部图片)向上的连续4幅境内动脉颅内段的CT图像,红色信号为钙化。

原始出处:
Bos D1, Portegies ML2, van der Lugt A3, Bos MJ4, Koudstaal PJ5, Hofman A4, Krestin GP3, Franco OH4, Vernooij MW1, Ikram MA6.Intracranial Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis and the Risk of Stroke in Whites: The Rotterdam Study.JAMA Neurol. 2014 Feb 17. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.6223. 

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    2014-12-28 yinhl1978
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    2014-03-06 liuxiaona
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    2014-03-06 liuxiaona
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