Lancet oncol:口服砒霜+全反式维甲酸或可代替标准三氧化二砷+全反式维甲酸治疗非高风险急性早幼粒细胞白血病!

2018-06-06 MedSci MedSci原创

静脉注射三氧化二砷联合全反式维甲酸(ATRA)(无化疗)是非高风险急性早幼粒细胞白血病(白细胞计数≤10x109/L)的标准疗法,可治愈95%以上的病例。但是,一试验性研究,采用口服砒霜(RIF)联合ATRA(无化疗)治疗,比标准静脉疗法更方便,疗效显着。现研究人员对RIF+ATRA与标准静脉三氧化二砷+ATRA疗法治疗非高风险急性早幼粒白血病的效果进行对比。研究人员在中国14个中心进行一非劣效性

静脉注射三氧化二砷联合全反式维甲酸(ATRA)(无化疗)是非高风险急性早幼粒细胞白血病(白细胞计数≤10x109/L)的标准疗法,可治愈95%以上的病例。但是,一试验性研究,采用口服砒霜(RIF)联合ATRA(无化疗)治疗,比标准静脉疗法更方便,疗效显着。现研究人员对RIF+ATRA与标准静脉三氧化二砷+ATRA疗法治疗非高风险急性早幼粒白血病的效果进行对比。

研究人员在中国14个中心进行一非劣效性、开放标签的随机对照3期临床试验,招募18-70岁的新确诊(7天内)的非高风险急性早幼粒细胞白血病,要求WHO表现评分≤2分。将患者按2:1随机分至RIF-ATRA组或三氧化二砷+ATRA组作为诱导和巩固治疗。用药方案:RIF(60mg/kg·日,分次口服)或三氧化二砷(0.15mg/kg·日,静滴)+ATRA(25mg/m2·日,分次口服),直至获得完全缓解。巩固治疗:RIF(60mg/kg·日,分次口服)或三氧化二砷(0.15mg/kg·日,静滴),连续用药4周、停4周,持续4个疗程;ATRA(25mg/m2·日,分次口服),用2周、停2周,持续7个疗程。主要结点:2年时无事件存活率。

2014年2月13日-2015年8月31日,共招募了109位患者,随机分至RIF-ATRA组(72人)和三氧化二砷-ATRA组(37人)。RIF-ATRA组有3位患者和三氧化二砷-ATRA组1位患者未进行既定的治疗。在校正意向治疗人群中,中位随访32个月(IQR 27-36)后,RIF-ATRA组69位患者中有67位(97%)、三氧化二砷-ATRA组36人中有34位(94%)获得2年无事件存活期。无事件存活期百分比差异 2.7%(95% CI -5.8~11.1)。无事件存活期差异的95% CI下限高于-10%非劣效性边界,证实为非劣性性(p=0.0017)。非劣性性同时在每个协议人口中得到证实。在诱导治疗过程中,RIF-ATRA组和三氧化二砷-ATRA组分别有6位(9%)和5位(14%)患者出现3-4级肝毒性(肝天冬氨酸转氨酶或丙氨酸转氨酶升高);分别有15位(23%)和15位(42%)患者出现3-4级感染。三氧化二砷-ATRA组有两位患者在诱导治疗中死亡(1位死于出血、1位死于血小板减少)。

口服RIF+ATRA治疗非高风险急性早幼粒细胞白血病患者的效果不比三氧化二砷+ATRA的疗效差。本研究提示对于非高风险急性早幼粒细胞白血病患者,或许可用完全口服、无化疗的治疗方式代替标准静脉疗法。

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    2018-11-07 howi
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    2018-12-21 minlingfeng
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    2018-06-08 hittouch
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    2018-06-08 lishizhe

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