JCO:IMPRESS研究公布最终OS结果:耐药后EGFR –TKI原药能不能继续使用?

2017-10-12 wrangx “肿瘤资讯”微信号

EGFR突变阳性晚期NSCLC一代EGFR-TKI继发耐药后,化疗联合EGFR-TKI原药使OS受损,通过IMPRESS研究Tony Mok教授警示大家,一代EGFR-TKI耐药后如果选择化疗不要再联合原来使用EGFR-TKI药物。

EGFR突变阳性晚期NSCLC一代EGFR-TKI继发耐药后,化疗联合EGFR-TKI原药使OS受损,通过IMPRESS研究Tony Mok教授警示大家,一代EGFR-TKI耐药后如果选择化疗不要再联合原来使用EGFR-TKI药物。

背景

EGFR突变NSCLC治疗上的挑战是预后较差的脑转移和EGFR-TKIs耐药不可避免。IMPRESS研究假设为进展后化疗联合继续使用EGFR-TKI原药可优化临床结局。IMPRESS为前瞻性、随机Ⅲ期研究,针对一线吉非替尼治疗进展EGFR突变阳性晚期NSCLC,给予培美曲塞+顺铂±吉非替尼治疗,首要研究终点PFS未达到,两组均为5.4个月(HR0.86,P=0.27)。理论上,T790M突变继续使用一代TKI疗效不理想,但T790M突变阴性可能从继续治疗中获益。

方法

IMPRESS研究首要研究终点PFS,OS、ORR为次要研究终点。耐药标准为CR或PR超过4个月,或者SD>6个月。BEAMing dPCR检测血浆来源的肿瘤循环游离DNA,比较组织和血浆中EGFR突变的一致性,突变频率(mAF)≥0.02%定义为阳性。

结果

1.OS分析

2012年3月29日至2013年12月20日纳入患者265例,吉非替尼联合培美曲塞+顺铂组(简称联合组)133例,培美曲塞+顺铂组(化疗组)132例。至2015年11月16日,66%患者死亡,OS数据成熟。联合组和化疗组中位OS分别为13.4个月对比19.5个月(HR, 1.44,P=0.016),继续使用吉非替尼对OS不利,见图1。联合组三线治疗比例低于化疗组(61%对比71%)。T790M突变阳性亚组,联合治疗显着缩短OS(HR1.49,P =0.0432,OS10.8个月对比14.1个月),这种不利影响在T790M突变阴性亚组未观察到(HR1.15,P =0.61,中位OS21.4个月对比22.5个月)。见图2。


图1:联合组和化疗组OS曲线


图2:根据血浆T790M突变状态的OS曲线

2.生物标志物分析

收集吉非替尼进展时血浆标本行BEAMing dPCR检测,并与各中心结果比较。血浆检测特异性较高,19缺失为96.7%,L858R点突变为95.3%。血浆检测患者261例,T790M突变142例。与Qiagen 公司 Therascreen EGFR RGQ PCR Kit比较,19缺失和L858R点突变一致率为87.7% 和 90.9%,但Therascreen检测T790M突变能力弱于BEAMing dPCR,一致率为57.3%。血浆标本19缺失和L858R点突变阴性患者58例,6例T790M突变阳性,而52例T790M突变阴性。

19缺失和L858R点突变亚组中PFS率类似,联合组PFS延长主要见于T790M突变阴性亚组,但统计学无差异(HR0.67,P =0.0745,中位PFS6.7个月对比5.4个月),而T790M突变阳性亚组PFS无获益(HR0.97,P =0.8829)。ORR上T790M突变阳性亚组支持化疗组(28.4% 对比 39.5%),而T790M突变阴性亚组支持吉非替尼继续使用。

3.脑转移对疗效影响

在化疗组23%患者基线出现脑转移(22例为T790M突变阳性),基线脑转移较没有脑转移患者预后差OS(HR 2.09)和PFS(HR1.82),吉非替尼对OS损害作用在调整脑转移和T790M突变后不再显着(HR1.31, P =0.082),而PFS轻度获益(HR0.79,P = 0.103)。

结论

IMPRESS研究最终OS数据支持早期PFS结果,说明一代EGFR TKI影像学进展后要避免化疗时继续使用一代EGFR TKI。根据血浆检测结果,这种作用可能与T790M突变有关。

点评

IMPRESS是第一项一代EGFR TKIs获得性耐药研究后续治疗策略的试验,初步结果是含铂化疗添加继续使用吉非替尼无PFS获益。这是第一项标准化疗联合EGFR TKI继续使用导致OS受损的研究,研究可信度高,因为HR值为1.44(P=0.016),足以给我们警示,当临床影像进展决定开始标准化疗时,停止继续使用一代EGFR TKI,但这种做法在奥希替尼出现前得到很多临床医生的支持。

根据BEAMing dPCR血浆检测结果,对OS不利影响主要来自T790M突变阳性亚组(HR1.49),但T790M突变阴性亚组无影响(HR1.15)。不利原因还不清楚,解释之一为后续治疗不平衡,化疗组接受更多3线EGFR TKI治疗(36%对比23%),包括奥希替尼(13例和11例)。目前从生物学角度来理解该结果还很困难,其他联合治疗EGFR突变阳性NSCLC没有报道类似现象,但这些研究都是在一线,且无T790M突变或丰度较低,是不是T790M突变起主要作用还不清楚。

该研究对T790M突变阳性患者影响降低,因为新的治疗策略奥希替尼已经替代化疗,但是奥希替尼耐药后,可以奥希替尼联合化疗吗?T790M突变阴性亚组联合治疗PFS有延长但无差异,因T790M突变阴性亚组存在异质性,继续EGFR TKI治疗可能带来轻度获益,但因为OS出现缩短临床还是避免如此使用。

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    2018-01-15 lidong40
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    2017-10-30 情途末路

    学习了.获益匪浅!感谢分享

    0

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    2017-10-22 虈亣靌

    不错的.学习了!谢谢分享!

    0

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    2017-10-19 虈亣靌

    非常好.学习了.很受益

    0

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    2017-10-14 lsj628
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    2017-10-14 liuyiping

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