Nat Micro:我国动物源细菌耐药性研究获重大发现

2019-06-26 不详 科学网

<div>近日,华南农业大学兽医学院刘雅红教授团队,在持续的耐药性监测过程中,从动物及养殖环境中发现可以导致最后一道防线药物替加环素(Tigecycline)失活的降解酶Tet(X4)。研究发现一旦细菌获得编码降解酶的基因,就能获得降解所有的四环素类<a class="channel_keylink" href="http://www.medsci.cn/guideline/list.do?q=%E6%8A%97%E7%94%9F%E7%B4%A0" target="_blank">抗生素</a>包括<a class="channel_keylink" href="http://www.medsci.cn/article/list.do?q=FDA">FDA</a>新批准的伊拉瓦环素(Eravacycline)的能力。</div><div><br></div><div>该四环素类降解酶的发现,可能导致世界各国对四环素类<a class="channel_keylink" href="http://www.medsci.cn/guideline/list.do?q=%E6%8A%97%E

近日,华南农业大学兽医学院刘雅红教授团队,在持续的耐药性监测过程中,从动物及养殖环境中发现可以导致最后一道防线药物替加环素(Tigecycline)失活的降解酶Tet(X4)。研究发现一旦细菌获得编码降解酶的基因,就能获得降解所有的四环素类抗生素包括FDA新批准的伊拉瓦环素(Eravacycline)的能力。

该四环素类降解酶的发现,可能导致世界各国对四环素类抗生素使用政策做出调整,也将会在一定程度上影响四环素类抗生素的研发方向和市场前景。文章于近日在线发表于微生物学领域Top期刊《自然-微生物学》(Nature Microbiology),华南农业大学兽医学院孙坚教授和三年级博士生陈冲为本研究论文共同第一作者,华南农业大学兽医学院刘雅红教授、廖晓萍教授和美国Hackensack-Meridian探索与创新健康中心陈亮教授为本论文的共同通讯作者。

本研究也得到了中山大学附属第三医院、惠州市中心医院、苏州大学附属第二医院、中山大学附属第一医院、同济大学上海市肺科医院、美国哥伦比亚大学等单位的支持。相关研究获得了“十三五”国家重点研发计划(项目编号:2016YFD0501300)、教育部“创新团队发展计划”(项目编号:IRT_17R39)和广东省教育厅“创新强校工程”(项目编号:2016KCXTD010)等的资助。

替加环素是美国辉瑞公司(原惠氏公司)在米诺环素基础上开发的第三代四环素类药物。近年来,随着碳青霉烯类药物和黏菌素耐药性的爆发,使得替加环素逐步成为人类面临多重耐药细菌感染的“最后一道防线”。本研究在2017年从猪粪分离到一株耐替加环素的大肠杆菌,随后证实其携带一个潜在的可移动四环素降解酶,被命名为Tet(X4)。克隆表达表明Tet(X4)能够介导对包含替加环素和伊拉瓦环素在内的所有四环素类药物的高水平耐药。

进一步研究发现,该tet(X4)基因位于泛宿主范围的IncQ1型质粒,它能够携带tet(X4)基因高效地转移到实验室保存菌株甚至产碳青霉烯酶的各种临床耐药菌株,并且已经在广东、广西、福建、江西和江苏等地区局部流行。尤其重要的是,临床菌中的质粒可以协助携带tet(X4)的IncQ1质粒再次快速转移,这进一步增加了该耐药基因的传播风险并给临床治疗带来巨大的挑战。

细菌耐药性问题已经成为一个世界性的难题,受到了全球的广泛关注。针对中国动物源细菌耐药性现状和难题,刘雅红教授团队屡创佳绩,建立了全国唯一一个兽医微生物耐药性风险评估实验室,先后获得了教育部***创新团队、科技部重点领域创新团队、农业部创新团队以及广东省自然科学基金创新团队等荣誉称号,培养了一批以孙坚教授为代表的青年才俊。在近五年来,团队在Lancet Infect Dis、Nature Microbiology、Trends in Microbiology等权威期刊上发表SCI论文180余篇,相关成果在国内外产生了广泛的影响力,并直接影响到国内和国际上兽药使用政策的调整,具重要理论及实际意义。

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    2019-11-27 仁者大医
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    2020-04-29 xjy02
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    2019-11-25 liye789132251
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