Cell Cycle:抑癌基因在肥胖、糖尿病和癌症起重要作用

2013-12-13 佚名 生物通

骨髓脂肪组织(Bone marrow adipose tissue, BMAT),不同于身体其它部位的脂肪,直到最近,它的一些功能才开始被研究。BMAT能调节骨髓干细胞小生境,起着能量存储和热产生的作用。BMAT也参与肥胖和骨质疏松症的发作。基于BMAT的重要功能,美国天普大学Sbarro癌症研究和分子医学研究所的研究人员,决定通过分析视网膜母细胞瘤基因家族——是细胞周期调

骨髓脂肪组织(Bone marrow adipose tissue, BMAT),不同于身体其它部位的脂肪,直到最近,它的一些功能才开始被研究。BMAT能调节骨髓干细胞小生境,起着能量存储和热产生的作用。BMAT也参与肥胖和骨质疏松症的发作。基于BMAT的重要功能,美国天普大学Sbarro癌症研究和分子医学研究所的研究人员,决定通过分析视网膜母细胞瘤基因家族——是细胞周期调控中的关键因子,更好地阐明人骨髓脂肪形成。他们的研究结果表明,两个肿瘤抑制基因的功能,在帮助控制肥胖和其它例如糖尿病、心脏病和癌症等疾病中发挥了至关重要的作用。

这项研究成果,以“Silencing of RB1 and RB2/p130 during adipogenesis of bone marrow stromal cells results in dysregulated differentiation”为题发表在最近的Cell Cycle杂志上。

本文的主要作者之一、Sbarro研究所主任Antonio Giordano说:“我们发现,视网膜母细胞瘤家族的这两个基因——Rb1和Rb2/p130,是调节体内脂肪组织的形成和功能的关键蛋白。如果这些蛋白不能正确的发挥功能,它们就不能控制体内脂肪组织的形成,因此你就会出现脂肪组织的持续形成。”

Giordano表示,许多人认为,脂肪组织是惰性的,但是它实际上是一个非常动态的组织,在人类基因组中若干重要蛋白的生产中,脂肪组织发挥至关重要的作用。他说:“每个人一想到脂肪组织,都是消极的方面。”

本文的共同作者、意大利那不勒斯大学的生物学副教授Umberto Galderisi说:“脂肪组织能够产生帮助骨髓运行、生长和产生所有三种血细胞类型(红细胞、白血病和血小板)的分子,因此发挥着重要的作用。但是如果Rb1和/或Rb2/p130被损坏,它们就会解除对脂肪组织的控制,引起脂肪生产过剩,这会改变骨髓产生这些必需血细胞的能力。”

在论文中,研究人员表明,除了改变骨髓帮助血细胞生产的能力之外,脂肪的生产过量,会引起肥胖,这与一些疾病有关,例如糖尿病、心血管疾病、癌症和老年人贫血。

Giordano,早在90年代当其还是Temple's Fels癌症研究和分子医学研究所的一名研究员的时候,发现了Rb2/p130。他说:“脂肪组织也能供给和维持体内癌细胞的生长,这有助于解释肥胖和癌症之间的关系。”

Galderisi也是Temple的兼职生物学副教授,他指出,理解调节骨髓脂肪细胞的活动和生命的这个机制,能够为恢复脂肪细胞的固有功能的疗法发展铺平道路,对肥胖及其相关疾病的治疗非常有用。

原文出处:

Capasso S, Alessio N, Di Bernardo G, Cipollaro M, Melone MA, Peluso G, Giordano A, Galderisi U.Silencing of RB1 and RB2/P130 during adipogenesis of bone marrow stromal cells results in dysregulated differentiation.Cell Cycle. 2013 Nov 26;13(3).  

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