Diabetic Med:结构化教育多维度干预降糖显著,且具有心血管获益

2019-10-12 国际糖尿病编辑部 国际糖尿病

近年来,2型糖尿病(T2DM)的治疗已经从一维的生物医学治疗转向整合自我管理、自我教育及生物治疗的多维度个体化模式了。结构化教育在T2DM长程管理中至关重要,促使个人更多地了解自身疾病状态,学习疾病治疗知识并主动参与临床决策之中。英国莱斯特大学糖尿病研究中心Davies教授等主导的一项研究显示相比标准治疗,结构化教育的多维度干预能够显著降低T2DM患者糖化血红蛋白水平并长期将其维持在较低水平,同时

近年来,2型糖尿病(T2DM)的治疗已经从一维的生物医学治疗转向整合自我管理、自我教育及生物治疗的多维度个体化模式了。结构化教育在T2DM长程管理中至关重要,促使个人更多地了解自身疾病状态,学习疾病治疗知识并主动参与临床决策之中。英国莱斯特大学糖尿病研究中心Davies教授等主导的一项研究显示相比标准治疗,结构化教育的多维度干预能够显著降低T2DM患者糖化血红蛋白水平并长期将其维持在较低水平,同时能够降低血压、降低心血管疾病风险。该研究发表在近期Diabetic Medicine上。

MEMO研究(微量白蛋白尿教育和药物优化研究)纳入130例受试者,随机分配至强化干预组(70例,平均年龄60.8岁;20%为女性)或标准治疗组(60例,平均年龄60.7岁;23.3%为女性),为期18个月,持续随访4年。强化干预组采取新诊断糖尿病患者教育和自我管理项目(DESMOND),包括小组课程和个人课程,提供最佳自我护理实践教育,制定糖化血红蛋白、胆固醇和血压个体化目标。干预前后测量糖化血红蛋白、血压、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、肾小球滤过率,并评估冠心病和中风风险。

随访4年后结果表明,与标准治疗组相比,强化干预组受试者HbA1c较基线水平平均降低0.39%(P=0.01),收缩压平均降低7.3 mmHg(P<0.0001),舒张压平均降低2.85 mmHg(P=0.03);总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇分别增加0.32 mmol/L(P =0.002)和0.33 mmol/L(P <0.001)。此外,强化干预组受试者的10年冠心病风险评分较基线水平平均降低5.31分(P <0.001),10年卒中风险评分较标准治疗组降低4.41分(P=0.01)。强化干预组受试者平均经历了28次中度低血糖事件,而标准治疗组受试者经历了9次此类事件(P=0.01)。

研究者评论道,“尽管已经证实了结构化教育的临床价值,MEMO研究基于DESMOND哲学理论和结构化自我管理教育和患者主动性原则,是第一个证实结构化教育联合药物优化管理T2DM具有心血管获益的研究,对T2DM的长程管理具有启示意义。”

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