Psyneuen:女性使用纳曲酮要注意月经周期

2014-12-30 李洁 译 MedSci原创

阿片受体拮抗剂纳曲酮是目前被认可的治疗酒精和阿片类药物依赖的有效药物。但纳曲酮治疗效果存在个体差异,而且认为这是纳曲酮治疗酒精依赖效果不佳的原因。目前探索个体差异的研究主要集中在基因多样性在阿片受体拮抗剂反应性中的作用,其次是性别差异的作用:女性较男性有更明显的皮质醇和催乳素反应,以及更多的主观不良反应和更好的治疗效果。这种女性对阿片受体拮抗剂的高敏感性提示,内源性阿片系统存在性别差异,但尚不清楚

阿片受体拮抗剂纳曲酮是目前被认可的治疗酒精和阿片类药物依赖的有效药物。但纳曲酮治疗效果存在个体差异,而且认为这是纳曲酮治疗酒精依赖效果不佳的原因。目前探索个体差异的研究主要集中在基因多样性在阿片受体拮抗剂反应性中的作用,其次是性别差异的作用:女性较男性有更明显的皮质醇和催乳素反应,以及更多的主观不良反应和更好的治疗效果。


这种女性对阿片受体拮抗剂的高敏感性提示,内源性阿片系统存在性别差异,但尚不清楚这种差异的潜在生物机制。而女性随着月经周期而波动的的雌二醇(E2)和黄体酮(P4)会影响内源性的阿片系统。这是否是个体对阿片受体拮抗剂存在性别差异的生物学因素呢?

近期,来自加州大学洛杉矶分校的研究人员报道了一项关于此问题的研究。该研究比较了卵泡早期女性(低E2、P4水平)、黄体期女性(高E2、P4水平)及男性对纳曲酮的急性反应。

70名(其中女性46名)健康成人参与了这项双盲、安慰剂对照研究。其中46名女性随机分为两组:一组在卵泡早期接受药物或安慰剂,另一组在黄体期进行。所以研究对象按照随机、平衡的原则给予研究对象纳曲酮或安慰剂50mg口服。研究中测量了激素和主观反应水平。在基线和服用药物后60min,90min,120min,150min和180min分别进行激素测定。测量血清E2、P4、LH和FSH的基线水平来确定月经周期阶段;测量基线及服药后血清皮质醇、催乳素、LH和唾液皮质醇水平来反映纳曲酮的反应性;主观反应分别在基线以及服药后采用阿片受体拮抗剂特异性不良反应量表进行测量,在基线水平采用经期生理不适量表修正版(MDQ-T)测量实验期间月经相关症状的严重程度。用基线水平上增长的曲线下面积(AUCi)来评价急性激素反应和主观反应的变化。

研究结果显示,使用纳曲酮后,黄体期和卵泡早期的女性血浆皮质醇和催乳素水平均增高,但男性没有变化。女性中,黄体期女性激素的增加更显著。另外,只有黄体期女性的唾液皮质醇水平增加,并出现对纳曲酮的严重不良反应。

本研究结果表明,女性对纳曲酮的急性主观反应和激素反应与月经周期相相关的雌激素有关。相比较于卵泡早期女性和男性,黄体期女性对纳曲酮的急性主观反应和激素效应更敏感。本研究对女性群体使用纳曲酮有重要的指导意义。

原始出处:

Roche DJ1, King AC2.Sex differences in acute hormonal and subjective response to naltrexone: The impact of menstrual cycle phase.Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2014 Oct 30;52C:59-71. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2014.10.013. [Epub ahead of print]

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    2015-06-08 ljjj1053

    好好学习学习

    0

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    2015-01-01 yigao324

    不错!值得一看!

    0

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    2015-01-01 luwei00

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