Cancer cell:中山大学揭示癌症转移新机制

2014-05-16 佚名 生物通

来自中山大学的研究人员在新研究中证实,间充质样癌细胞与肿瘤相关巨噬细胞之间形成的一个正反馈环在乳腺癌转移中起至关重要的作用。这一研究发现发表在5月12日的《癌细胞》(Cancer cell)杂志上。 中山大学的宋尔卫(Erwei Song)教授是这篇论文的通讯作者。其主要从事乳腺癌早期诊断,包括BRCA1和BRCA2基因突变对家族性乳腺癌和血清蛋白指纹图对乳腺癌的早期诊断,以及乳腺癌的微创治

来自中山大学的研究人员在新研究中证实,间充质样癌细胞与肿瘤相关巨噬细胞之间形成的一个正反馈环在乳腺癌转移中起至关重要的作用。这一研究发现发表在5月12日的《癌细胞》(Cancer cell)杂志上。

中山大学的宋尔卫(Erwei Song)教授是这篇论文的通讯作者。其主要从事乳腺癌早期诊断,包括BRCA1和BRCA2基因突变对家族性乳腺癌和血清蛋白指纹图对乳腺癌的早期诊断,以及乳腺癌的微创治疗和生物治疗,包括RNA干扰疗法等的研究。其研究成果曾被美国 Science 杂志评为“2003年度世界十大科技突破”代表性成果。在Cell、Cancer Cell、Nature Medicine等国际著名杂志发表研究论文68篇。

乳腺癌是我国妇女死亡的主要恶性肿瘤之一,乳腺癌转移是引起病人死亡的主要原因。目前对于乳腺癌转移主要依靠放疗和化疗,但经过多个疗程的化疗、放疗后乳腺癌仍然可能复发转移。针对乳腺癌转移的治疗成为了提高乳腺癌生存率的重要环节。




上皮—间质转化(EMT)在恶性肿瘤转移中的重要作用日益受到关注。为了实现转移,癌细胞必须经历表型转变,通过EMT过程从贴壁依赖性细胞转变为移动细胞。研究表明,EMT标记物表达在个体和群体水平都与乳腺癌预后不良相关。EMT过程对肿瘤的侵袭和转移有重要的意义。

肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(tumor-associated macrophages,TAMs)是浸润在实体肿瘤中的巨噬细胞,属于细胞间质成分。乳腺癌是巨噬细胞浸润程度最高的恶性肿瘤之一,部分病例的巨噬细胞甚至占了肿瘤成分50%以上。近来的研究发现,肿瘤相关巨噬细胞浸润程度与肿瘤转移成正相关,是乳腺癌独立的预后因素。

在这篇文章中,研究人员提出经历EMT的癌细胞和肿瘤相关巨噬细胞在肿瘤的前缘区紧密相邻,有可能两种细胞类型之间存在相互作用。随后,他们在共培养系统和人源小鼠中证实,间充质样的癌细胞通过粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子GM-CSF刺激巨噬细胞活化为肿瘤相关巨噬细胞样表型。相应地,来自肿瘤相关巨噬细胞细胞的CCL18诱导了癌细胞上皮—间质转化,形成了一个正反馈环。

研究人员证实,抑制GM-CSF或CCL18可阻断这一正反馈环,减少癌症转移。在乳腺癌样本中GM-CSF高水平表达与更多的CCL18+巨噬细胞、癌细胞上皮-间质转化、转移增高及患者存活时间减少相关。

这些研究结果表明,GM-CSF和CCL18之间的这一正反馈环在乳腺癌转移中起着极其重要的作用。

原始出处:

Shicheng Su1, 2, 7, Qiang Liu1, 2, 7, Jingqi Chen1, 2, 3, Jianing Chen1, 2, Fei Chen1, 2, Chonghua He1, 2, Di Huang1, 2, Wei Wu1, 2, Ling Lin4, Wei Huang1, Jin Zhang5, Xiuying Cui1, Fang Zheng1, Haiyan Li1, 2, Herui Yao6, Fengxi Su1, 2, Erwei Song1, 2.A Positive Feedback Loop between Mesenchymal-like Cancer Cells and Macrophages Is Essential to Breast Cancer Metastasis.Cancer Cell May 12 2014

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    2014-10-15 维他命
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MIT的研究人员开发了一种智能纳米颗粒,不仅能够实现双药递送,还能够控制两种药物的释放时机。这一技术可以实现两步走的抗癌策略,先瓦解肿瘤细胞的防御,以便更有效的破坏它们的DNA。研究显示,上述治疗方式显著缩小了小鼠的肺部肿瘤和乳腺肿瘤。 这项由Michael Yaffe教授和Paula Hammond教授共同领导的研究,登上了本期Science Signaling杂志的封面。

NEJM:股白肿病例 — 警惕血栓背后隐藏的癌症

该文为NEJM杂志近期发表的一例因隐匿性癌症造成的股白肿病例报道,在此与诸位读者分享。 图1  病情、检查及相关治疗 患者,男,55岁,因右下肢疼痛肿胀入急诊治疗。患者3天前无创伤诱因,突发右足及右侧小腿肿胀;肿胀症状逐渐恶化并影响到右侧大腿,且伴右足及右侧小腿疼痛。加倍托拉塞米剂量,无效。患者入院右足脚趾皮肤灰暗变色(图1)。 患者既往有肥胖症、

Science:用识别突变株的T细胞来抗癌

据一项新的报告显示,对肿瘤细胞所表达的一种突变能特异性识别的T细胞在一个罹患上皮细胞癌的病人中显示了抗癌活性。 恶性肿瘤有着基因改变——过继性T细胞治疗就是利用了其中的某个特征。过继性T细胞疗法指的是那些在体外增加免疫衍生细胞——如淋巴细胞——的数目并接着将这些细胞转移回病人体内以增进其免疫力的疗法。 最近,随着对某些带有特定突变的恶性肿瘤的了解,科学家们制备了能特异性识别这些突变的T细胞--