Nat Biotech:美新研究可大幅增加活体肝脏体外保存时间

2019-09-12 周舟 新华网

美国研究人员提出一种可大幅延长捐献的活体肝脏保存时间的方法,未来有望为肝移植手术赢得更长的时间窗口。日前发表在英国《自然·生物技术》杂志上的研究显示,这种新的低温保存方法可以让肝脏组织的保存时间从9小时增加到27小时。

美国研究人员提出一种可大幅延长捐献的活体肝脏保存时间的方法,未来有望为肝移植手术赢得更长的时间窗口。日前发表在英国《自然·生物技术》杂志上的研究显示,这种新的低温保存方法可以让肝脏组织的保存时间从9小时增加到27小时。

传统的供体肝脏一般保存在4摄氏度条件下以保持活性,但时长如超过9小时,移植成功率就会大幅降低,因此很难供距离较远的匹配患者使用。研究人员在此前研究中通过添加改性葡萄糖化合物3-OMG和防冻液成分PEG,成功在零下6摄氏度条件下保存了具有活性的大鼠肝脏组织,但这种技术无法应用到体积为大鼠肝脏200倍的人体肝脏上。

美国哈佛大学和麻省总医院研究人员开发的这种新方法分三个步骤。研究人员首先减少了保存溶液与空气的接触,从而大幅降低了器官表面形成冰核的机会;第二步,研究人员又在保存溶液中添加了可以稳定细胞膜的海藻糖和强化3-OMG保护作用的甘油,用以保护肝脏细胞;第三步则是开发了一种新的灌注保存溶液的方法。研究人员在4摄氏度条件下用传统保存溶液进行机械灌注,向肝脏组织的毛细血管提供氧气和养分,维持器官生理状态,并在缓慢降低温度的同时,增加新添加剂浓度,给肝脏组织一定的调整时间,使保存溶液更加均匀地分布于肝脏组织中。

美国国家卫生研究院下属国家生物医学影像和生物工程研究所工程化组织项目主任塞拉·塞利莫维奇说,在器官还能保持活性的时间窗口内向匹配的接受者提供器官,是器官移植过程中最具挑战性的任务。这项成果延长了肝脏保存时间,未来有望给成千上万等待肝移植的患者带来好处。

原始出处:

Reinier J. de Vries, Shannon N. Tessier, Peony D. Banik, et.al. Supercooling extends preservation time of human livers. Nature Biotechnology 09 September 2019

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    2020-01-28 sunylz
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    2020-02-28 cathymary
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    2020-03-14 liye789132251
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    2020-03-02 shock_melon

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