Eur Respir J:非流感病毒所致成人社区获得性肺炎病情严重程度与预后——一项来自CAP-China中国肺炎研究网的前瞻性注册登记研究

2019-06-23 周飞 呼吸界

本研究比较了非免疫抑制成人流感与非流感病毒所致 CAP 的病情严重程度、达临床稳定时间、并发症、病死率及住院时间等,首次系统性评估了成人非流感病毒肺炎的临床意义,研究论文 2019 年 6 月 4 日在欧洲呼吸杂志在线发表。

随着分子检测技术的飞速发展,人们已经开始认识到病毒作为呼吸道感染病原的重要作用。对于流感病毒所致社区获得性肺炎(CAP)的临床特点、并发症及预后目前已经有诸多研究进行了深入分析。但是,在既往研究和认识中,非流感病毒则被认为是导致上呼吸道感染儿童肺炎的病原。成人非流感病毒肺炎的研究大都来自病例/病例系列报道,认为其主要对特殊人群如免疫抑制、长期入住护理机构的体弱老年人、伴有肺基础疾病患者或危重症患者产生严重影响。非流感病毒对于非免疫抑制成人 CAP 患者预后影响尚无系统性研究,因此临床医生往往忽略了非流感病毒在免疫健康成人 CAP 患者中的重要作用。

为此,本研究比较了非免疫抑制成人流感与非流感病毒所致 CAP 的病情严重程度、达临床稳定时间、并发症、病死率及住院时间等,首次系统性评估了成人非流感病毒肺炎的临床意义,研究论文 2019 年 6 月 4 日在欧洲呼吸杂志在线发表。

2015 年,在国家科技支撑计划及北京市科委项目支持下,王辰院士与曹彬教授领衔建立 CAP-China 中国肺炎研究网。自 2015 年 10 月 1 日至 2017 年 6 月 30 日,本研究通过 CAP-China 肺炎研究网前瞻性入组了全国 5 大地理区域 34 家二、三级综合医院的住院 CAP 患者,除进行常规微生物学检测外全部统一进行咽拭子及下呼吸道标本采集,由中国疾病预防控制中心进行呼吸道病毒检测(流感病毒、腺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、偏肺病毒、鼻病毒、副流感病毒和人冠状病毒),病原检测方法与美国 EPIC 研究(美国疾病预防控制中心 CAP 流行病学调查,N Engl J Med. 2015;373:415-27)一致。

研究期间,共入组 2336 名非免疫抑制成人住院 CAP 患者,其中 996 名患者呼吸道病毒检测阳性。本研究通过多因素回归校正了细菌共感染和其他混杂因素后进一步比较了流感病毒阳性和非流感病毒阳性患者入院时 CURB-65 ≥ 3、氧合指数<200 mmHg 比例,住院过程中脓毒症、低氧血症发生率,入院 24/72 小时达临床稳定比例,院内/出院 90 天病死率及住院时间等。

研究结果显示,非流感病毒肺炎占病毒性肺炎的 27.4%,依次为:呼吸道合胞病毒、腺病毒、人冠状病毒、副流感病毒、鼻病毒和偏肺病毒。与流感病毒性肺炎相比,非流感病毒性肺炎入院时 CURB-65 ≥ 3 比例、氧合指数<200 mmHg 比例,住院过程中脓毒症发生率、低氧血症发生率,患者 90 天病死率及住院时间无统计学差异(图 1)。

 

【图1】流感病毒与非流感病毒肺炎入院病情严重程度、住院过程中并发症发生率、90 天病死率及住院时间比较

将合并细菌感染、提示细菌感染的临床指标(如降钙素原升高、白细胞升高、发热及肺影像学实变)及其他混杂因素校正后进一步证实:非流感病毒与流感病毒相比对于非免疫抑制成人 CAP 患者的病情严重程度、发生并发症及 90 天病死率的影响相似(表 1)。

【表1】多因素回归中不同病毒与入院时 CURB-65 ≥ 3 和 PaO2/FiO2 <200,住院期间发生低氧血症和脓毒症, 以及 90 天病死率的关系



本研究的重要意义在于提出了非流感病毒肺炎在非免疫抑制成人患者这一更具普遍性人群中的重要性,除了既往我们认识到的非流感病毒是上呼吸道和儿童肺炎重要病原体,其对成人 CAP 患者病情严重程度及预后的影响与流感相似。

随着快速分子诊断技术的进步以及众多进入临床研究的针对非流感病毒的抗病毒药物的出现(DAS181,GS5806, ALS-8176 和 AK0529:西多福韦),临床医生将更熟悉非流感病毒性肺炎,能否及时识别病毒性肺炎,早期应用针对性的抗病毒治疗,减少不必要抗菌药物使用,改善患者的预后。

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    2019-09-08 drwjr
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    2020-04-04 smlt2008
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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2006461, encodeId=7eff2006461a8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=924a3264381' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#前瞻性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=32643, encryptionId=924a3264381, topicName=前瞻性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5cb32500112, createdName=1508842480_96220437, createdTime=Thu Apr 02 20:13:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2008132, encodeId=b6ee200813257, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f244465139' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CHINA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4651, encryptionId=f244465139, topicName=CHINA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Sun Sep 08 19:13:00 CST 2019, time=2019-09-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1898037, encodeId=2727189803e40, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=832c404308' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CAP#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4043, encryptionId=832c404308, topicName=CAP)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c39f145, createdName=smlt2008, createdTime=Sat Apr 04 12:13:00 CST 2020, time=2020-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2042646, encodeId=1afc204264625, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=999c88014ea' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#获得性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=39, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88014, encryptionId=999c88014ea, topicName=获得性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d4b7363, createdName=pandamao2010, createdTime=Sun Feb 09 12:13:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1765076, encodeId=1d3d1e65076bc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=df00e086653' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#病情#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=33, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=70866, encryptionId=df00e086653, topicName=病情)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Thu Nov 21 13:13:00 CST 2019, time=2019-11-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1395833, encodeId=4faa139583372, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7a89e4036eb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#社区#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=74036, encryptionId=7a89e4036eb, topicName=社区)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=96f62500201, createdName=12498e67m28暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Jun 25 08:13:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1556863, encodeId=67e3155686306, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e4016495635' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#注册#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=64956, encryptionId=e4016495635, topicName=注册)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c52c14833361, createdName=zhyy93, createdTime=Tue Jun 25 08:13:00 CST 2019, time=2019-06-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=368219, encodeId=60c53682196f, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=82311653708, createdName=医者仁心5538, createdTime=Sun Jun 23 17:39:17 CST 2019, time=2019-06-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2019-06-25 zhyy93
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    2019-06-23 医者仁心5538

    学习了

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