2019年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖:氧感受器夺魁

2019-10-07 不详 网络

北京时间10月7日下午,诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获奖人名单率先被揭晓:威廉·凯林(William G. Kaelin Jr),彼得·拉特克利夫(Sir Peter J. Ratcliffe)以及格雷格·塞门扎(Gregg L. Semenza)获得这一奖项。  中新社北京10月7日电 斯德哥尔摩消息:瑞典卡罗琳医学院7日宣布,将2019年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予威廉·凯林、彼得·拉特克利夫以及格雷格·

北京时间10月7日下午,诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获奖人名单率先被揭晓:威廉·凯林(William G. Kaelin Jr),彼得·拉特克利夫(Sir Peter J. Ratcliffe)以及格雷格·塞门扎(Gregg L. Semenza)获得这一奖项。

瑞典卡罗琳医学院7日宣布,将2019年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予威廉·凯林、彼得·拉特克利夫以及格雷格·塞门扎三名科学家,以表彰其在“发现细胞如何感知和适应氧气供应”领域的贡献。

评奖委员会当天表示,科学界早已知晓氧气之于肌体的重要性,但并不清楚细胞是如何感知和适应氧气供应的。三名获奖者的发现为人类进一步研究这二者之间的关系打下了坚实基础,他们的发现对于应对贫血、癌症以及多种其它疾病来说探索出一条新路。

研究细胞如何感知和适应氧气对于人类进一步理解癌症等疾病具有十分重要的意义。如果能够充分搞清楚氧气对细胞的影响,科学家们可能会找到抑制并消灭一些肿瘤的新办法,以实现抗癌的目的。


威廉·凯林生于1957年11月23日,美国医学家,哈佛大学医学教授,致力研究p53等抑癌基因在癌症发展中的作用,曾在2016年获得拉斯克基础医学研究奖。彼得·拉特克利夫生于1945年5月14日,英国细胞和分子生物学家,临床医生,牛津大学临床医学系主任,主要研究低氧状态下细胞的反应,曾在2016年获得拉斯克基础医学研究奖。格雷格·塞门扎,约翰霍普金斯大学医学院教授,发现使癌细胞适应缺氧环境的HIF-1,曾在2016年获得拉斯克基础医学研究奖。 


在三名获奖者中,凯林和赛门扎来自美国,拉特克利夫来自英国。凯林现任哈佛大学教授,并在波士顿的一家癌症中心负责一个实验室;赛门扎目前是美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学医学院的顶尖科学家,他的研究方向专注于基因对于氧气供应水平的影响。拉特克利夫现任牛津大学教授。

卡罗琳医学院当天在一份声明中表示,三名获奖科学家将分享900万瑞典克朗(约合91.8万美元)的奖金。

诺贝尔生理学或医学奖是根据已故的瑞典化学家阿尔弗雷德·诺贝尔的遗嘱而设立的。该奖项于1901年首次颁发,由位于斯德哥尔摩的卡罗琳医学院负责评选。


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