2019 WCLC ∣ 奥希替尼治疗T790M阳性伴罕见和/或复杂突变的晚期NSCLC,疗效显著

2019-09-15 肿瘤资讯 良医汇-肿瘤医生APP

2019年9月7~10日,由国际肺癌研究协会(IASLC)举办的2019年第20届世界肺癌大会(WCLC)在西班牙巴塞罗那盛大召开。当地时间9月8日上午,在壁报展示专场(Poster Session)上,来自加拿大多伦多大学的Parneet K. Cheema教授展示了“奥希替尼用于T790M阳性晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的真实世界研究:来自罕见/复杂突变亚组患者的分析(ASTRIS研究)”的

2019年9月7~10日,由国际肺癌研究协会(IASLC)举办的2019年第20届世界肺癌大会(WCLC)在西班牙巴塞罗那盛大召开。当地时间9月8日上午,在壁报展示专场(Poster Session)上,来自加拿大多伦多大学的Parneet K. Cheema教授展示了“奥希替尼用于T790M阳性晚期非小细胞肺癌NSCLC)的真实世界研究:来自罕见/复杂突变亚组患者的分析(ASTRIS研究)”的结果(摘要号P2.14-59),在罕见/复杂突变亚组患者中,奥希替尼同样可以取得与常见突变相当的疗效,客观缓解率(ORR)高达50.0%,中位无进展生存期(PFS)达到8.1个月,这一研究结果引起了广泛关注! 

研究背景

在NSCLC中,约90%的EGFR突变为19号外显子缺失突变(Ex19del)或21号外显子L858R突变,其余约10%为一类异质性强、位于EGFR 18~21号外显子的罕见分子突变(如S768I, G719X, 20号外显子插入突变[Ex20ins]),可以单独存在或与其他常见或罕见突变并存(复杂突变)。这些罕见突变和/或复杂突变对EGFR TKI治疗的敏感性不一。临床实践中,检测这些罕见和/或复杂突变具有一定的挑战,因而会影响治疗决策。奥希替尼是第三代、不可逆口服EGFR TKI,可以高效、有选择性的抑制EGFR敏感突变和T790M突变,且对中枢神经系统(CNS)转移也有非常好的疗效。ASTRIS研究(NCT02474355)是目前最大的,评估奥希替尼用于T790M阳性晚期NSCLC的真实世界研究。本研究报道了亚组分析结果,即奥希替尼用于T790M阳性伴罕见和/或复杂突变的NSCLC的疗效结果。

研究方法和目的

ASTRIS是一项正在进行的、开放标签、单臂、多个国家参与的真实世界研究,评估奥希替尼用于既往接受过EGFR TKI治疗后T790M阳性的晚期或转移性NSCLC的安全性和疗效。主要入组标准包括:ⅢB/Ⅳ期EGFR突变伴T790M阳性的NSCLC;当地实验室采用可靠检测确认T790M突变状态,对检测标本类型没有要求;患者既往接受过EGFR TKI治疗;PS评分为0-2分,有足够的骨髓储备和器官功能。无症状的稳定CNS转移以及罕见和/或复杂EGFR突变的患者也可以入组。主要排除标准包括:既往有间质性肺炎病史或QTc间期延长。符合入组标准的患者接受每日一次口服奥希替尼80mg治疗,直至研究者判断患者无临床获益或患者要求出组。

主要研究终点为总生存(OS);次要研究终点(研究者评估) 包括: 临床缓解率、无进展生存期(PFS)和至治疗终止时间(TTD)。在全分析集中评估临床缓解率、PFS和TTD,预设的亚组分析包含T790M阳性合并罕见和/或复杂EGFR突变以及常见EGFR突变。罕见复杂突变定义为:T790M+G719X, T790M+S768I, T790M+ex20ins;复杂突变定义为T790M+2个或以上突变,可以包括多个常见突变。

研究结果

突变状态

2015年9月18日至2018 年10月15日(中期数据截止),来自16个国家的3015例患者接受了至少1个剂量的奥希替尼治疗(定义为全分析集);其中53例(2%)患者携带罕见和/或复杂EGFR突变。携带罕见或复杂突变的患者和常见突变患者以及全分析集患者的临床特征相似。

罕见和/或复杂突变患者进行基因检测的标本来源:组织标本34例(64%),血浆ctDNA标本19例(36%)。入组时全分析集的基线EGFR突变状态见图1。32例复杂突变患者中,T790M突变+2个其他突变共存的模式最常见(n=30)。全分析集中的突变组合见表1、图1和图2,G719X是最常见的罕见突变(n=30)。



图1. 全分析集中复杂突变发生率

表1. 入组时全分析集患者的EGFR突变状态



图2. 检测到EGFR突变的分子谱

疗效

EGFR罕见和/或复杂突变患者与常见突变、全分析集患者相比,接受奥希替尼治疗的ORR相当,分别为50.0% vs 57.2% vs 57.1%;中位PFS分别为8.1 vs 11.2 vs 11.1个月;中位TTD分别为9.0 vs 13.6 vs 13.5个月(见图3)。OS数据在分析时尚未成熟。



图3. K-M法分析常见EGFR突变和罕见和/或
复杂EGFR突变患者接受奥希替尼治疗的PFS(A)和TTD(B)

研究结论

本研究结果显示,2% (53/3015) 的T790M阳性患者伴罕见和/或复杂突变: T790M+2个其他突变是最常见的复杂突变 (n=30) ,G719X 是最常见的罕见突变 (n=30)。

无论是否合并罕见和/或复杂EGFR突变,奥希替尼对EGFR T790M突变阳性的晚期NSCLC都非常有效。本研究为亚组分析,不同研究中心采用不同的方法进行EGFR突变检测。在真实世界中,血浆检测的使用率较临床试验更高,而血浆检出的敏感度较组织低,因此罕见突变的检出率可能较既往非真实世界研究报道的数据更低。本研究是一项真实世界研究,并不是所有的患者都进行了这些罕见突变检测。

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    2019-11-12 zhlpower
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    2019-09-17 木头人514
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    2019-09-17 syscxl
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    2019-09-15 内科新手

    谢谢梅斯提供这么好的信息,学到很多

    0

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    2019-09-15 肿肿

    NSCLC下一步突破在于新靶点了,靶向治疗和免疫治疗基本见顶了,再有新的就需要新机制了

    0

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