薛庆云:抗骨质疏松药物对骨折愈合的影响

2011-12-07 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

 在中华医学会第十三届骨科学术会议暨第六届国际COA学术大会上,卫生部北京医院骨科主任薛庆云教授为广大与会代表讲解了常用抗骨质疏松药物对骨折愈合的影响。   骨质疏松骨折的治疗由于患者本身骨量减低,骨折愈合缓慢,加上大多数抗骨质疏松药物对破骨细胞的抑制作用而变得更为复杂。骨科医生治疗骨质疏松症的同时需要根据病人骨折愈合的情况适当选用骨质疏松症的治疗药物。   降钙素对骨的作用在于通过抑制破骨

 在中华医学会第十三届骨科学术会议暨第六届国际COA学术大会上,卫生部北京医院骨科主任薛庆云教授为广大与会代表讲解了常用抗骨质疏松药物对骨折愈合的影响。

  骨质疏松骨折的治疗由于患者本身骨量减低,骨折愈合缓慢,加上大多数抗骨质疏松药物对破骨细胞的抑制作用而变得更为复杂。骨科医生治疗骨质疏松症的同时需要根据病人骨折愈合的情况适当选用骨质疏松症的治疗药物。

  降钙素对骨的作用在于通过抑制破骨细胞活性和数量而直接抑制骨吸收作用。并且大量动物研究以及体外研究发现,降钙素可以促进成骨细胞活性,促进骨折愈合。降钙素上市30 余年,在骨质疏松骨折患者中广泛应用,目前未看到骨折愈合延迟的现象。并且部分研究显示,骨折后患者使用降钙素可以有益于患者骨折愈合,但仍需要大样本量的研究以证实此观点。

  双膦酸盐对骨折愈合的影响至今没有大型的临床研究发表,动物实验研究显示,用阿仑膦酸钠治疗,不论是在骨折愈合前、骨折愈合期还是两个时间同时用药,均不会抑制骨质形成或骨质钙化,骨折愈合速度正常。但是,阿仑膦酸钠治疗组的骨痂大于安慰剂组。因此,骨折愈合的骨痂形成阶段似乎不受治疗的影响,但是骨痂塑形阶段的骨痂重吸收速度减慢(骨折骨痂很快形成,由软骨和编织骨组成。骨痂逐渐被清除,被正常板层骨取代,整个过程需要数年时间才能完成。随着近年来更加强效的双膦酸盐类药物的应用,抗骨吸收药物对骨折愈合影响的疑虑依然存在,好消息是目前小样本的临床观察没有发现该类药物对骨折愈合形成负面影响。

  PTH是甲状旁腺分泌的天然甲状旁腺素,是含有84个氨基酸残基的多肽。常用具有抗骨质疏松活性的rhPTH(1-34)和rhPTH(1-84),两者具有相同的生物活性。对于出现缓慢骨量丢失的病人,应用此类药物有利于维护骨小梁结构的完整性。SEEBACH等观察了rhPTH(1-34)对大鼠股骨延长术后新骨形成的影响,术后隔日给予rhPTH(1-34)40mg/kg 治疗30d,结果与未处理组相比,给药组总的骨载量增加54%,骨硬度增加55%。接骨处骨量增加33%,骨密度增加23%,且对侧股骨也变得强硬和致密,因此推断rhPTH(1-34)可能对缩短人骨延长术后的巩固时间有效。

  常用抗骨质疏松药物包括了抗骨吸收药物和少数促骨形成药物。抗骨吸收药物对骨的作用在于通过抑制破骨细胞活性和数量而直接抑制骨吸收作用。大量研究发现,抗骨质疏松药物在骨质疏松骨折患者中应用,目前未看到骨折愈合延迟的现象。但是不同药物的用药时间和剂量尚不明确。另外,临床上还有部分抗骨质疏松药物,因为存在增加血栓发生率等风险,在围骨折期间应用情况尚不明确。

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    2012-01-05 109.230.216.60

    You've got to be kiddnig me-it's so transparently clear now!

    0

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    2011-12-09 Eleven17

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