Nat Immunol:好事过头反变坏事 过度活跃的免疫细胞或会引发机体炎症

2019-10-15 佚名 细胞

近日,一项刊登在国际杂志Nature Immunology上的研究报告中,来自巴塞尔大学等机构的科学家们通过研究描述了此前未知的一种免疫系统障碍,在原发性免疫缺陷患者免疫细胞的一个亚群中,细胞的呼吸频率会明显增加,这种代谢活动过度往往会引发炎症。

近日,一项刊登在国际杂志Nature Immunology上的研究报告中,来自巴塞尔大学等机构的科学家们通过研究描述了此前未知的一种免疫系统障碍,在原发性免疫缺陷患者免疫细胞的一个亚群中,细胞的呼吸频率会明显增加,这种代谢活动过度往往会引发炎症。

免疫系统能保护机体抵御感染和肿瘤发生,这是一项极具挑战性的任务,尤其是因为必须同时避免损伤机体自身的健康组织,然而罕见的遗传性疾病会引发免疫系统缺陷,即原发性免疫系统缺陷病(PID),这种疾病的后果之一就是患者非常容易受到感染,然而特定肿瘤和非感染性炎症也可能会更加频繁地发生。

这项研究中,研究人员检测了一种假设,即PID患者机体免疫细胞的代谢活性是否能作为一种特殊的生物标志物,他们基于细胞代谢是免疫细胞功能的关键调节子这一事实,在一部分接受检查的PID患者的免疫细胞中,一个关键的代谢过程(细胞呼吸)的确发生了增加,在细胞呼吸过程中,线粒体会不断产生能量。

基于当前研究发现,研究人员就能够解析一种新型的疾病机制,其能通过线粒体从遗传缺陷回到细胞核的信号转导,细胞呼吸的增加是由于呼吸链中蛋白质的过度活性所诱发的,随后其会向细胞发送信号产生炎性介导子,有了这些研究发现,研究人员就能够成功对另一种适应症进行靶向性治疗了。

最后研究者Christoph Hess说道,基于本文研究结果,后期我们还将继续深入研究罕见疾病来理解其中的基础生物学过程,从而为开发治疗多种罕见疾病的新型疗法提供新的思路和希望。

原始出处:
Anne-Valérie Burgener, Glenn R. Bantug, Benedikt J. Meyer, et al. SDHA gain-of-function engages inflammatory mitochondrial retrograde signaling via KEAP1–Nrf2, Nature Immunology (2019). DOI:10.1038/s41590-019-0482-2

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