盘点:2019年8月Gastroenterology研究精选

2019-08-06 MedSci MedSci原创

2019年8月Gastroenterology研究精选



【1】组织转谷氨酰胺酶抗体阳性十二指肠结构正常儿童乳糜泻患者病情进展因素


潜在的乳糜泻患者其特征是转谷氨酰胺酶抗体(TG2抗体)血清学检测结果阳性,但十二指肠结构正常的(Marsh阶段0-1),这类患者的治疗手段仍存在争议。近日研究人员考察了符合上述特征的潜在乳糜泻儿童绒毛萎缩的相关危险因素。

280名怀疑乳糜泻患儿参与研究,平均随访60个月,最长随访时间为12年,在随访期间,280名参与者中42名(15%)出现绒毛萎缩,而89名(32%) 患儿的TG2抗体或EMA抗体转变成为阴性。在12年内,绒毛萎缩的累积发生率为43%。在多因素分析中,与绒毛萎缩发生密切相关的基线因素是γδ上皮内淋巴细胞,其次是年龄和HLA DQB 1*02的纯合子,上述因素可解释80%的萎缩病例。

【2】窄带成像内镜可提高结肠镜腺瘤检出率


腺瘤检出率(ADR)是结肠镜检查的重要质量指标。先前的研究认为,在肠道准备最佳时,窄带成像(NBI)可能比白光内镜(WLE)更有效地检测腺瘤。近日研究人员对随机对照试验中单个患者的数据进行了荟萃分析,比较了NBI和WLE检测腺瘤的效果。

11个临床研究纳入本次荟萃分析, 2251人进行了WLE检查,检出腺瘤952例(42.3%)。2239人进行NBI检查,检出腺瘤1011例(45.2%)(接受WLE与NBI检查腺瘤的未调整的优势比1.14)。仅当肠道准备最好时,NBI检查率优于WLE检查:充分准备OR为1.07而最佳准备OR=1.30。第二代NBI的ADR高于WLE。(第二代NBI OR=1.28),而第一代却没有。NBI检测到的非腺瘤性息肉(OR=1.24)和扁平息肉(OR=1.24)多于WLE。

【3】兰乐肽用于治疗多囊性肝病


多囊性肝病是常染色体显性多囊性肾病(ADPKD)最常见的肾外表现,近日研究人员考察了兰乐肽对ADPKD患者身高调整后肝体积(hTLV)和肝-肾体积(hTLKV)的影响。

研究人员进行了一项为期120周的研究,305例ADPKD患者参与,其中93例患者接受每4周皮下注射120毫克兰乐肽,82例患者接受标准护理治疗(进行血压控制、限制钠饮食和服用抗高血压药)。研究的主要终点是治疗结束HTLV变化百分比,次要终点是hTLKV变化。120周时,兰乐肽组hTLV下降1.99%,对照组升高3.92%。与对照组相比,兰乐肽使hTLV的程度下降了5.91%。最后一次注射兰乐肽后4个月,hTLV仍比基线下降3.87%。与对照组相比,兰乐肽使hTLKV的下降了7.18%。

【4】水下内镜下黏膜切除术可提高肠息肉的切除率


内镜下黏膜切除术(EMR)结合黏膜下注射是切除大肠息肉的一种有效方法,但当息肉直径超过10 mm时,整体切除率降低。局部切除增加局部复发。近日研究人员就水下EMR(UEMR)对大息肉的切除效果进行了考察。

经内镜诊断为中等大小(10~20 mm) 无蒂结直肠病变的患者随机分为接受UEMR或常规EMR(CEMR)。EUEMR手术将整个管腔浸入水中,在不注射生理盐水的情况下切除病变。研究的主要终点是各组间组织学证实为阴性切缘的整块切除(R0)率的差异。EUEMR组R0切除率为69%,CEMR组为50%。EUEMR组整体切除率为89%,CEMR组为75% (P=0.007)。组间中位手术时间(165 vs 175秒)和不良事件患者比例(UEMR组为2.8%,CEMR组为2.0%)无显著性差异。

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    2020-02-16 许安
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