Clin J Am Soc Nephrol:糖尿病患者,谁是ACEI/ARB的降压好帮手?

2018-06-21 吴星 环球医学

糖尿病肾病(DKD)是发病和死亡的重要原因,也是美国和全世界慢性肾病(CKD)和终末期肾病(ESKD)的主要原因。然而,在糖尿病患者中,将降压药物添加到血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEI)或血管紧张素II受体阻滞剂(ARB)中,对显著的肾脏事件风险的有效性比较仍是未知。

糖尿病肾病(DKD)是发病和死亡的重要原因,也是美国和全世界慢性肾病(CKD)和终末期肾病(ESKD)的主要原因。然而,在糖尿病患者中,将降压药物添加到血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEI)或血管紧张素II受体阻滞剂(ARB)中,对显著的肾脏事件风险的有效性比较仍是未知。

2018年5月,发表在《Clin J Am Soc Nephrol》的一项由美国研究者进行的有效性比较研究,考察了糖尿病患者中,在血管紧张素-醛固酮系统阻滞剂中添加降压药物的有效性。

研究者使用一项由21897名糖尿病患者组成的观察性多中心队列,比较了将β-受体阻滞剂、二氢吡啶类钙通道阻滞剂、袢利尿剂或噻嗪类利尿剂添加到ACEI或ARB中的有效性。研究者使用倾向得分加权的Cox成比例风险模型,检测了显著肾脏事件、心血管事件和死亡的风险。复合显著肾脏事件终点的定义为eGFR降低≥30%至eGFR<60ml/min/1.73m2的首次发生、初次透析或肾移植。复合心血管事件终点定义为首次发生因急性心肌梗死、急性冠脉综合征、卒中或充血性心衰导致的入院;冠状动脉旁路移植术;或经皮冠状动脉介入治疗,仅在基线无心血管疾病的患者中检查。

在最多5年期间,发生了4707例显著肾脏事件、1498例死亡和818例心血管事件。与噻嗪类利尿剂相比,β-受体阻滞剂、钙通道阻滞剂和袢利尿剂发生显著肾脏事件的风险比分别为0.81、0.67和1.19。

与噻嗪类利尿剂相比,β-受体阻滞剂、钙通道阻滞剂和袢利尿剂发生死亡的风险比分别为1.19、0.73和1.67。

与噻嗪类利尿剂相比,β-受体阻滞剂、钙通道阻滞剂和袢利尿剂发生心血管事件的风险比分别为1.65、1.05和1.55。

作者认为,与噻嗪类利尿剂相比,钙通道阻滞剂与显著肾脏事件风险较低和心血管事件风险相似相关。

在本研究中,β-受体阻滞剂似乎比噻嗪类利尿剂更具有肾脏保护作用,但它们与更高的心血管疾病风险相关。研究者不知道哪些临床试验比较过ACE抑制剂/ARBs联合β-受体阻滞剂vs ACE抑制剂/ARBs联合噻嗪类利尿剂。然而,由于担心β-受体阻滞剂可能与较高的心血管事件率相关(正如研究者所观察到的那样),在无强适应症时,通常不建议β-受体阻滞剂用于高血压初始单药治疗。此外,许多β-受体阻滞剂具有不良代谢作用,包括增加甘油三酯、降低HDL胆固醇和增加胰岛素抵抗,而且它们可能掩盖低血糖的症状。β-受体阻滞剂也降低肾素分泌,因此,它们无法在生理学上与ACE抑制剂和ARBs互补。

原始出处:

Schroeder EB, Chonchol M, Shetterly SM, et.al. Add-On Antihypertensive Medications to Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Blockers in Diabetes: A Comparative Effectiveness Study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2018 May 7;13(5):727-734. doi: 10.2215/CJN.09510817. Epub 2018 Mar 23.

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    2019-01-09 shanyongle
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    2018-06-24 1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称)

    学.学习了.谢谢分享!

    0

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    2018-06-23 1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称)

    学习了.谢谢分享!

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1655877, encodeId=de3216558e7a7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2a011829d7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1829, encryptionId=2a011829d7, topicName=ACE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=635024767990, createdName=shanyongle, createdTime=Wed Jan 09 20:36:00 CST 2019, time=2019-01-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=326475, encodeId=b9313264e50d, content=学.学习了.谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=60791943465, createdName=1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sun Jun 24 00:14:28 CST 2018, time=2018-06-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1291971, encodeId=6cec12919e11d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d32981418b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#降压#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=98141, encryptionId=9d32981418b, topicName=降压)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8f14236, createdName=经常头晕, createdTime=Sat Jun 23 04:36:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1474520, encodeId=7fb114e4520b1, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=935fe6718e3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#糖尿病患者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=76718, encryptionId=935fe6718e3, topicName=糖尿病患者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a38f7243741, createdName=xue8604, createdTime=Sat Jun 23 04:36:00 CST 2018, time=2018-06-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=326236, encodeId=041332623601, content=学习了.谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=1, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=60791943465, createdName=1e0f8808m18(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Jun 23 00:28:26 CST 2018, time=2018-06-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=325967, encodeId=293a32596ea4, content=学习了.谢谢分享., beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/xkvRjYnJzzRJ2R0y7VhicibvkjPWHjIMmu4ZpKnE9cWAu4lVicS3uDUCfF4M4JWvrkrYfpb2KehPV0Ee29tPqyPEebBUibiaKhnvD/0, createdBy=f8412001184, createdName=惠映实验室, createdTime=Thu Jun 21 23:47:24 CST 2018, time=2018-06-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=325863, encodeId=d9a1325863e5, content=了解了解.继续关注, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=93f31631454, createdName=1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Jun 21 14:22:35 CST 2018, time=2018-06-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=325853, encodeId=daf73258532f, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=82311653708, createdName=医者仁心5538, createdTime=Thu Jun 21 13:53:24 CST 2018, time=2018-06-21, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2018-06-21 惠映实验室

    学习了.谢谢分享.

    0

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    2018-06-21 1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称)

    了解了解.继续关注

    0

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    2018-06-21 医者仁心5538

    学习了

    0

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