Cell:迄今大规模HPV16全基因组研究找到保守致癌蛋白

2017-09-11 佚名 生物探索

人类乳头瘤病毒HPV16在所有宫颈癌中约占一半,但9月7日在Cell上报道的研究人员发现,并非所有的感染都是平均的。5570例人类细胞和组织样本的HPV16基因组分析显示,该病毒实际上是由成千上万的独特基因组组成,这使得生活在同一地区的感染妇女有不同的HPV16序列和癌症风险。癌前病变或患癌的女性大都有病毒基因E7特定版本,这是研究人员现在感兴趣的目标。



人类乳头瘤病毒HPV16在所有宫颈癌中约占一半,但9月7日在Cell上报道的研究人员发现,并非所有的感染都是平均的。5570例人类细胞和组织样本的HPV16基因组分析显示,该病毒实际上是由成千上万的独特基因组组成,这使得生活在同一地区的感染妇女有不同的HPV16序列和癌症风险。癌前病变或患癌的女性大都有病毒基因E7特定版本,这是研究人员现在感兴趣的目标。

HPV16全基因组迄今为止最大规模研究

几乎所有的宫颈癌病例可以归因于一个持续感染高危型HPV,尤其是HPV16。然而,目前还不清楚HPV16为什么比其他类型HPV感染带来更大的患癌风险。了解HPV16独特的致癌机制对预防和个体化治疗是有用的。文章第一作者,美国国家癌症研究所的Lisa Mirabello指出宫颈癌中观察到HPV16 E7蛋白是不变,建议研究人员应该在发展阻止E7蛋白的药物上加倍努力。

这篇发表在Cell上的文章对5570 例HPV16感染细胞和来自世界各地的妇女组织样本进行全基因组分析,鉴定HPV16基因变异与宫颈癌前病变和癌症风险之间的关联。这是HPV16全基因组迄今为止规模最大的研究。它在HPV16基因组研究的数量上增加了一个数量级,是第一次在HPV16基因组水平与癌症的发展关系上的大规模研究评价。

病毒基因组多样性和致癌蛋白的保守性



值得注意的是,绝大部分所分析的HPV16序列是每个被感染女性所特有的。在每个女性中,HPV16病毒在多个部位具有相同的基因序列。HPV16在被感染女性中有着意想不到的多样性,显示了HPV16基因组重复利用宿主细胞的机制和缓慢突变的事实。这对HPV的传播模式、病毒清除和持久性都具有重要的临床意义。

此外,在患癌和癌前病变患者与良性感染对照组相比,HPV16整个基因组明显减少变异。当研究人员将他们的分析重点放在致癌E7基因上时,结果表明HPV16唯一潜在的致癌性源于E7蛋白的确切形式:E7在世界范围内都是相同的。为了让癌症的形成,它必须保守。任何改变似乎都会夺去它导致癌症的能力。

研究意义和未来研究方向

在未来的研究中,为了更好地了解癌症的发展,研究人员将研究HPV16基因组在一定个体内一段时间里的变化。他们还将研究E7对癌症风险的作用机制,目的是帮助开发针对这种蛋白质的治疗药物。此外,他们将确定他们的发现是否能延伸到其它高危HPV类型。

研究人员表示他们的目的是运用已有发现来预防或治疗宫颈癌。这个结果虽然不会改变HPV筛查或疫苗,但可能是很重要的,这可以了解哪种HPV感染会产生最大的癌症风险。诊断为HPV16感染和病变的患者需要仔细进一步诊断评价。这项工作提出了治疗干预的未来目标,但还需要大量的工作。

原始出处:

Lisa Mirabello,Meredith Yeager, Kai Yu,et.al. HPV16 E7 Genetic Conservation Is Critical to Carcinogenesis. Cell

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    2018-04-28 ylz8403
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    2018-08-06 维他命
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    2017-09-13 ylzr123

    感谢小编为我们准备了如此丰盛的精神大餐.同时也向作者致谢!认真学习了.点赞!

    0

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    2017-09-13 jambiya
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    2017-09-12 luominglian113

    学习了.谢谢分享

    0

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