朱巍:很多网络成果学术价值和影响力远超核心期刊

2017-09-20 佚名 新华社

“网红文章”能否取代核心期刊?有专家认为,很多网络成果的学术价值和影响力远远超过核心期刊。

浙江大学日前出台新规,浙大在校师生在媒体及其“两微一端”发表的优秀网络文化成果,根据传播效果和影响力,可被认定为国内权威、一级、核心等学术期刊论文,纳入晋升评聘和评奖评优。该新规一经推出,立即引发了广大师生和网友热议。

什么样的“网文”才算“优秀”?“网红文章”能否等同于学术论文?靠刷流量成为的“网红”,该怎么鉴别?记者对此进行了调查。

如何界定优秀网络文化成果?

根据浙江大学出台的《浙江大学优秀网络文化成果认定实施办法(试行)》(简称《办法》),优秀网络文化成果包括在报刊、电视、互联网上刊发或播报的,具有广泛网络传播的优秀原创文章、影音、动漫等作品。优秀网络文化成果要以社会主义核心价值观为导向,运用正确思想文化对各种社会舆论和价值观念进行引导。

《办法》对网络文化成果的发表媒体、传播效果都进行了较为细致的规定。例如,文化成果在《人民日报》《光明日报》和《求是》杂志刊发,并形成重大影响的作品,可申报认定为等同于国内权威学术期刊刊发;在《新华每日电讯》《参考消息》《半月谈》、央视等央媒及其“两微一端”发表并形成较大影响的,可申报认定为等同于国内一级学术期刊刊发;在包括新浪、搜狐、网易在内的重要商业门户网站及其“两微一端”上刊发转载并产生较大影响、形成较大网络传播的作品,也可申报认定为等同于国内核心期刊刊发。

“重大网络传播”指作品被不少于20家主流媒体及其网站、“两微一端”以及重要商业网站及其“两微一端”刊发、转载。“较大网络传播”是指作品被不少于10家主流媒体及其网站、“两微一端”和重要商业网站及其“两微一端”刊发、转载,其中微信公众号刊发的作品,阅读量不少于10万,头条号刊发的作品,阅读量不少于40万。

据校方介绍,该新规的出台,是对学术评价体系多样化的探索,旨在鼓励学者作为知识分子承担起相应的社会责任,胸怀天下、传播真理。

记者了解到,除浙大外,已有多所学校开始进行相关的探索。上海交通大学试点将优秀网络文化成果纳入宣传思想工作干部职务职称评聘条件,吉林大学出台规定鼓励优秀网络文章和网络舆情信息稿件创作,规定优秀网络文章的体裁为新闻评论,时政、高教、社会热点解读文章和长篇通讯文章。

优秀网文能否与严肃论文相提并论?

新规发布之后,有学者为大胆创新叫好,认为学术评价应该更关注于成果本身的价值和影响力,新规对探索学术评价体系多样化有积极意义。

“在媒体与互联网大融合背景下,一大批有专业素养和学术精神的学者、科研机构和政府部门更愿意通过‘两微一端’等新媒体方式首发和传播学术思想。”中国政法大学传播法研究中心副主任朱巍认为,很多网络成果的学术价值和影响力远远超过核心期刊。

“在互联网时代,仍然认定期刊上发表的才算学术成果,就好像有了钢笔之后,仍然规定用鹅毛笔写出来的才算文字。”浙江工商大学教授朱海就表示,科研秩序要走向市场主导的开放秩序。

也有学者质疑,网络作品追逐热度与点击率,论文则有其学术规范性,两者难以相提并论。“目前的职称评审和论文考核可能有一些问题,但解决的方法是加强专业性,而不是用点击率来决定‘学术’的价值。”深圳大学教师殷俊博士说。

浙江大学建工学院一名教师表示,学术论文有着严格的同行评议流程,其质量在学术圈内有公认的评价,但是发表在公共媒体的文章恐怕很难评价。

事实上,从2013年开始,教育部就提出“研究制订优秀网络文章纳入科研成果统计、列为职务(职称)评聘条件的办法”,在《教育部201年工作要点》中,明确提出贯彻落实高校思想政治工作会议精神,“推动将优秀网络文化成果纳入科研成果统计、职务(职称)评聘审、评奖评优条件”。

记者了解到,由于现有科研成果评价制度只认可具有统一刊号的刊物,因此在多所开展相应探索和试点的院校中,优秀网络文章纳入科研成果统计普遍难以落实。用论文“一刀切”简单评价使一些重要学科领域人才流失,饱受诟病,浙江大学新规则是针对该难题的有益探索。

“网红文章”监管还须“严进严出”

有学者和网友认为,浙大新规有些“操之过急”。网络文章背后,雇佣网络水军刷点击量、阅读量等事例屡见不鲜,新规是否会带来新的“学术造假”以及“学术不公”?

网民“说几句”表示,“很欣喜看到创新举措,希望在实施过程中将文章发表的平台、发表的板块等都监管起来,这样才能确保评选的公正性”。网民“熏衣草香”建议,在具体执行的时候,要严加查处“刷票”等作弊行为,公平公正评判文章。

“最重要的是稳妥、严密地制定出一套被学术界广泛认可的评价机制,而不是简单地给出一份名单、借用商业逻辑里的点击量作为考核标准。”美国宾夕法尼亚大学博士生方可成说。

中国海洋大学文学与新闻传播学院教授王天定认为,科研成果可以通过网络发表,但学术出版发表环节的审核、发表后的评价,仍须由学术共同体严格按照学术标准进行。

对此,浙江大学相关负责人表示:“网络文化成果是优秀的网络文化原创作品,大学要鼓励和引导师生产出高水平的成果。学校希望在这方面进行积极的探索和尝试,并在具体工作中不断加以完善。对于满足《办法》中基本条件的成果申报,根据规定,要由专家委员会以实事求是、严谨科学的态度,秉承严肃的学术传统、学术规范和学术标准进行严格评审。”

此外,浙江大学多名师生表示,新规对于人文学科的实际意义更大,许多学校的文科专业本身就将报纸、杂志上发表的文章认定为核心期刊,而对部分理工科而言,“国内权威期刊发表”一般可作为研究生的毕业标准,不会对该领域高层次研究人员的工作方向产生太大影响。

据了解,浙江大学对教师的评价标准体系较为多元,大学教授一般有教学、科研和社会服务三项职责,不同类型的学者可有所侧重,优秀网络文化成果的认定将成为这一体系的完善和补充。

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    2017-09-20 lovetcm

    网红文章就可以毕业了

    0