Science:MMR疫苗引发自闭症,这一假新闻我们还要纠缠多久?

2017-04-29 MedSci MedSci原创

数以千计的接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的儿童之间的孤独症率没有差异

1998年,英国的一位医生Andrew Wakefield在“柳叶刀Lancet”中发表了一项研究,表明麻疹,腮腺炎和风疹(MMR)疫苗可能引发自闭症。多年后,英国2岁孩童的MMR疫苗接种率下降到80%以下。但是,2004年记者Brian Deer开始报道Andrew Wakefield医生发表论文背后未知的利益冲突:当时,Wakefield医生已经针对自己的麻疹疫苗申请了一项专利,并从一名试图起诉制造MMR疫苗的公司的律师那里接收到了资金。因为对于Wakefield医生的研究道德和可能的报导失实的担心,柳叶刀于2010年撤回了该文。不久之后,英国的General Medical Council永久吊销了Wakefield医生的行医执照。

但是,随着2016年的电影Vaxxed的发布,MMR疫苗引发自闭症这一假新闻又一次成为了新闻头条。电影Vaxxed由Wakefield导演,指控疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)试图掩盖MMR疫苗引发自闭症这一“事实”。该电影的一个故事主线讲述了是生物工程师Brian Hooker,2004年他研究了一份CDC研究报告,指出发现有自闭症患儿与无自闭症儿童的接种率无差异。Hooker在2014年重新分析了这一数据,并声称CDC有意隐瞒证据表明疫苗可能会增加黑人男孩得自闭症风险。事实上,疾病预防控制中心在那份报告中曾指出,在最年长的自闭症儿童中疫苗的接种率略高。但疾控中心表示,这种效应可能是因为“针对自闭症儿童入学的特殊教育学校要求儿童接种一定的疫苗,这一免疫规定造成了自闭症儿童接种率略高的结果”。

尽管如此2014年,现任美国总统川普的一条推特将MMR疫苗引发自闭症又一次推向了风口浪尖。

(川普:我对于大规模接种疫苗的观点被证明是对的——医生们都在撒谎。拯救我们的孩子和他们的未来。––译)


MMR疫苗引发自闭症这种假设促使大量研究,发现没有证据表明MMR导致自闭症。例如,2014年的Vaccine杂志发表了一项涉及总共近130万人的研究(meta study),以及同年的“JAMA”杂志上的一篇文章报道说,数以千计的接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的儿童之间的孤独症率没有差异。

原始出处:
Lindzi Wessel et al. Vaccine myths. Science 28 Apr 2017:Vol. 356, Issue 6336, pp. 368-372DOI: 10.1126/science.356.6336.368

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    2017-05-13 似水

    既然没有找到病因,为什么就能判断是假的。 最多只能说不知道。

    0

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    2017-04-30 jichang
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1715208, encodeId=9d341e1520850, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e71b12042b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MMR疫苗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12042, encryptionId=e71b12042b7, topicName=MMR疫苗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e58c31907822, createdName=12498e87m49暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Jan 11 04:30:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=197299, encodeId=56fc19e29943, content=既然没有找到病因,为什么就能判断是假的。 最多只能说不知道。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0fd51953106, createdName=似水, createdTime=Sat May 13 03:28:16 CST 2017, time=2017-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375568, encodeId=e4ea13e556884, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sun Apr 30 23:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1527659, encodeId=8358152e65957, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=68b5863e5d2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#自闭#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86375, encryptionId=68b5863e5d2, topicName=自闭)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Sun Apr 30 23:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1555877, encodeId=3a1d15558e73a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=28c512040bb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MMR#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12040, encryptionId=28c512040bb, topicName=MMR)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=dde614671787, createdName=vividelife, createdTime=Sun Apr 30 23:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=191768, encodeId=343f191e68bc, content=关键是,假的为什么会流行?而且大行其道?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/24/1c2dbd6706e64df33befd6663f1d6b37.jpg, createdBy=94f61661779, createdName=lyh994, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 10:09:53 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=191735, encodeId=0487191e35a3, content=优质资源,共同学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K0LqDY57Aia0TOQByoJhNt3icm4sfukp500hLH6RHOpFdV01NbECtAV7s0qKpQPibyRukQAwAmqJU3X/0, createdBy=f91f1928792, createdName=九九消寒, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 08:40:18 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1715208, encodeId=9d341e1520850, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e71b12042b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MMR疫苗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12042, encryptionId=e71b12042b7, topicName=MMR疫苗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e58c31907822, createdName=12498e87m49暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Jan 11 04:30:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=197299, encodeId=56fc19e29943, content=既然没有找到病因,为什么就能判断是假的。 最多只能说不知道。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0fd51953106, createdName=似水, createdTime=Sat May 13 03:28:16 CST 2017, time=2017-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375568, encodeId=e4ea13e556884, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sun Apr 30 23:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1527659, encodeId=8358152e65957, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=68b5863e5d2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#自闭#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86375, encryptionId=68b5863e5d2, topicName=自闭)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Sun Apr 30 23:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1555877, encodeId=3a1d15558e73a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=28c512040bb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MMR#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12040, encryptionId=28c512040bb, topicName=MMR)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=dde614671787, createdName=vividelife, createdTime=Sun Apr 30 23:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=191768, encodeId=343f191e68bc, content=关键是,假的为什么会流行?而且大行其道?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/24/1c2dbd6706e64df33befd6663f1d6b37.jpg, createdBy=94f61661779, createdName=lyh994, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 10:09:53 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=191735, encodeId=0487191e35a3, content=优质资源,共同学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K0LqDY57Aia0TOQByoJhNt3icm4sfukp500hLH6RHOpFdV01NbECtAV7s0qKpQPibyRukQAwAmqJU3X/0, createdBy=f91f1928792, createdName=九九消寒, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 08:40:18 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-30 vividelife
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1715208, encodeId=9d341e1520850, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e71b12042b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MMR疫苗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12042, encryptionId=e71b12042b7, topicName=MMR疫苗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e58c31907822, createdName=12498e87m49暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Jan 11 04:30:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=197299, encodeId=56fc19e29943, content=既然没有找到病因,为什么就能判断是假的。 最多只能说不知道。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0fd51953106, createdName=似水, createdTime=Sat May 13 03:28:16 CST 2017, time=2017-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375568, encodeId=e4ea13e556884, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sun Apr 30 23:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1527659, encodeId=8358152e65957, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=68b5863e5d2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#自闭#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86375, encryptionId=68b5863e5d2, topicName=自闭)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Sun Apr 30 23:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1555877, encodeId=3a1d15558e73a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=28c512040bb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MMR#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12040, encryptionId=28c512040bb, topicName=MMR)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=dde614671787, createdName=vividelife, createdTime=Sun Apr 30 23:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=191768, encodeId=343f191e68bc, content=关键是,假的为什么会流行?而且大行其道?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/24/1c2dbd6706e64df33befd6663f1d6b37.jpg, createdBy=94f61661779, createdName=lyh994, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 10:09:53 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=191735, encodeId=0487191e35a3, content=优质资源,共同学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K0LqDY57Aia0TOQByoJhNt3icm4sfukp500hLH6RHOpFdV01NbECtAV7s0qKpQPibyRukQAwAmqJU3X/0, createdBy=f91f1928792, createdName=九九消寒, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 08:40:18 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-29 lyh994

    关键是,假的为什么会流行?而且大行其道?

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1715208, encodeId=9d341e1520850, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e71b12042b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MMR疫苗#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=23, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12042, encryptionId=e71b12042b7, topicName=MMR疫苗)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=e58c31907822, createdName=12498e87m49暂无昵称, createdTime=Thu Jan 11 04:30:00 CST 2018, time=2018-01-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=197299, encodeId=56fc19e29943, content=既然没有找到病因,为什么就能判断是假的。 最多只能说不知道。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=76, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=0fd51953106, createdName=似水, createdTime=Sat May 13 03:28:16 CST 2017, time=2017-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375568, encodeId=e4ea13e556884, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sun Apr 30 23:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1527659, encodeId=8358152e65957, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=68b5863e5d2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#自闭#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86375, encryptionId=68b5863e5d2, topicName=自闭)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Sun Apr 30 23:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1555877, encodeId=3a1d15558e73a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=28c512040bb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#MMR#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12040, encryptionId=28c512040bb, topicName=MMR)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=dde614671787, createdName=vividelife, createdTime=Sun Apr 30 23:30:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=191768, encodeId=343f191e68bc, content=关键是,假的为什么会流行?而且大行其道?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/24/1c2dbd6706e64df33befd6663f1d6b37.jpg, createdBy=94f61661779, createdName=lyh994, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 10:09:53 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=191735, encodeId=0487191e35a3, content=优质资源,共同学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib06iaV3D9Tg5K0LqDY57Aia0TOQByoJhNt3icm4sfukp500hLH6RHOpFdV01NbECtAV7s0qKpQPibyRukQAwAmqJU3X/0, createdBy=f91f1928792, createdName=九九消寒, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 08:40:18 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-29 九九消寒

    优质资源,共同学习

    0

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