盘点:JACC2月第二期研究一览

2020-02-20 不详 MedSci原创

1. 冠脉CTA可排除有临床意义的非ST段抬高型心梗患者DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.12.012http://www.onlinejacc.org/content/75/5对于非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征(NSTEACS)患者,冠脉的病理解剖从结构正常血管到严重的冠脉损伤不等。本研究的目的旨在评估冠状动脉ct血管造影(CTA)是否能排除冠脉狭窄≥50%的NSTEACS患者。本


DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.12.012



对于非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征(NSTEACS)患者,冠脉的病理解剖从结构正常血管到严重的冠脉损伤不等。本研究的目的旨在评估冠状动脉ct血管造影(CTA)是否能排除冠脉狭窄≥50%的NSTEACS患者。本研究纳入分析了接受冠脉CTA检查的1023名NSTEACS患者(其中583名在发病后12h内接受了冠脉CTA检查,440名在发病后48-72h内接受了冠脉CTA检查)。通过冠脉CTA,共发现了68.9%的冠脉狭窄≥50%的患者,而侵入性冠状动脉造影(ICA)发现了67.4%的冠脉狭窄≥50%的患者。每个患者的冠脉CTA的阴性预测值为90.9%,阳性预测值、敏感度和特异度分别为87.9% (95% CI: 85.3%-90.1%)、 96.5% (95% CI: 94.9%-97.8%) 和72.4% (95% CI: 67.2%-77.1%)。研究结果显示,冠状动脉CTA对NSTEACS患者排除有临床意义的冠状动脉疾病具有较高的诊断准确率。


DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.11.047



肠球菌心内膜炎(EE)在西方国家中逐渐增多,然而却缺乏大型临床研究数据。本研究的目的旨在描述GAMES临床研究中的EE临床特征及其预后因素。本研究纳入分析了516例EE患者和3308例非肠球菌心内膜炎(NEE)患者作为对照。分析结果显示,EE患者年龄更大、慢性肺疾病更多、慢性心衰更多,更易有心内膜炎史和退行性瓣膜疾病。EE患者更常伴有主动脉瓣假体,急性心衰发生风险更高,但起搏器和除颤仪器植入的概率更低。心脏手术在EE患者中更少见(40.7% vs. 45.9%; p = 0.024)。两组患者的住院率和一年死亡率无明显差异,但EE患者的复发率更高。另外,急性心衰、脓毒性休克和瓣旁并发症是死亡率增加的危险因素,而心内膜炎史是保护因素。研究结果显示,肠球菌心内膜炎在假体瓣膜中更常见,而在起搏器/除颤仪器的植入中更少见,且复发率高于非肠球菌心内膜炎。


DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.11.050



目前,对于外周动脉疾病血运重建后的远期心血管和四肢结局尚不清楚。本研究的目的旨在描述外周血运重建后的远期预后以及评估术后主要不良肢体事件(MALE)住院治疗与后续不良事件的相关性。本研究纳入分析了393017名接受了血运重建的外周动脉疾病患者,经过平均2.7年时间的随访,心梗或卒中的累积发病率为9.8%,共有50750名患者有过至少一次MALE住院治疗。术后的MALE住院治疗与更高的心梗或卒中风险相关(HR:1.34; 95% cl: 1.28-1.40)。另外,血运重建术后,无论有无术后MALE住院治疗,不良肢体事件的风险迅速上升,且在第一年后趋于平缓,而心脏不良事件风险比较固定。研究结果显示,对于接受血运重建的外周动脉疾病患者,术后早期的不良肢体事件风险较高,远期的心血管风险在术后的MALE住院治疗患者中较高。


DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.11.051



糖化血红蛋白与心血管疾病风险是否存在直接相关性尚存争议。结合珠蛋白(Hp)基因位点的常见多态性在高血糖的情况下与心血管疾病发生相关,尤其是冠心病。本研究旨在确定在ACCORD(糖尿病心血管风险控制措施)研究中,强化降糖治疗与标准降糖治疗对心血管疾病风险的治疗差异是否取决于Hp表型。本研究对ACCORD临床研究中的5806名参与者进行了Hp基因型的鉴定,与标准治疗相比,强化治疗在Hp2-2患者中与更低的冠心病风险相关,而在其他两种基因型的患者中不相关。在心血管疾病的发生中有相似的结论。相反地,在Hp1携带者中,强化治疗会增加患者致死性心血管疾病和总体死亡率的风险,而对Hp2-2患者无明显影响。研究结果显示,强化降血糖治疗在Hp2-2患者中可以降低患者的冠心病和心血管疾病风险,而对Hp1患者无明显影响。

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    2020-10-23 hbwxf
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    2020-02-24 1484915fm39暂无昵称

    0

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    2020-02-23 1484915fm39暂无昵称

    好!

    0

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    2020-02-22 1484915fm39暂无昵称

    受益匪浅

    0

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    2020-02-21 1484915fm39暂无昵称

    学习了

    0

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