NCB:好消息!脂肪细胞代谢研究进展为糖尿病和肥胖患者带来福音!

2015-11-17 chenshuo译 MedSci原创

http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/302703.php

近日,来自加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校的研究团队在自然生物化学杂志上刊登了一项最新的研究成果,成果表明脂肪细胞能将营养物质代谢转化产生脂肪酸。而脂肪细胞的这种生物转化途径在将来或许能成为治疗癌症和糖尿病等疾病的一种新的疗法。



研究小组指出,随着脂肪细胞的发展成熟,它们会改变营养物质的种类,并促使营养物质的量不断增加,同时产生更多的脂肪和能量。

研究人员研究了脂肪细胞的整个生理代谢的过程,意外地发现在脂肪细胞发育的早期阶段,脂肪细胞仍处于未成熟的、前脂肪细胞的状态,而该阶段的脂肪细胞倾向于消耗葡萄糖以使其生长和产生能量。

当脂肪细胞生长趋向成熟时,代谢的营养物质不再只是普通的葡萄糖,还有分子结构更为复杂的支链氨基酸。而这些氨基酸是人体生长和维持健康所必须的氨基酸之一。

另外,研究人员发现在肥胖和糖尿病的人群当中,他们的血液内普遍存在较高水平的支链氨基酸成分,这表明可能是脂肪细胞在起作用导致的。

为了探究出为何肥胖和糖尿病患者会表现出如此高水平的支链氨基酸,研究团队用培养的细胞进行细胞水平的碳-13同位素示踪分子技术试验。

通过该试验,他们能够清楚地了解到细胞代谢了何种营养物质和脂肪细胞分化的全过程。

Metallo教授总结说:

“这项研究的成果揭示了我们身体的特定组织如何对营养物质进行转化和利用。通过了解脂肪细胞代谢的分子水平,我们为进一步以确定更好的治疗糖尿病和肥胖的药物靶标研究奠定了基础。”

原始出处:

Courtney R Green et al,Branched-chain amino acid catabolism fuels adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis,Nature Chemical Biology .16 November 2015

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11月14日是加拿大科学家班廷的生日,他于1921年发现了胰岛素,并因此获得了诺贝尔医学奖。所以联合国和国际糖尿病联盟(International Diabetes Federation,IDF)在1991年将今天设立为联合国糖尿病日。今年,IDF发布的“IDF全球糖尿病概览”已经到第七版了,这个概览是国际上有关糖尿病全球患病情况和相关信息的权威参考书和重要的数据来源。完全版本会在12月1号在温哥