Sci Rep:尿液气味检查可发现阿尔茨海默症早期征兆

2016-01-15 QQduhp 译 MedSci原创

美国农业部国家野生动物研究中心(NWRC)化学家Bruce Kimball指出,在当前研究中,他们的工作是探究体外因素如病毒和疫苗等对体味造成的改变。他指出,现有证据表明阿尔茨海默症等疾病早期可体现在尿液气味的特征上。这一发现可能对治疗其他神经系统疾病也有影响。费城莫内尔化学研究中心和美国农业部(USDA)的研究人员将研究结果发表在Scientific Reports。 目前没有治疗、中止或逆转阿

美国农业部国家野生动物研究中心(NWRC)化学家Bruce Kimball指出,在当前研究中,他们的工作是探究体外因素如病毒和疫苗等对体味造成的改变。他指出,现有证据表明阿尔茨海默症等疾病早期可体现在尿液气味的特征上。这一发现可能对治疗其他神经系统疾病也有影响。费城莫内尔化学研究中心和美国农业部(USDA)的研究人员将研究结果发表在Scientific Reports。 


目前没有治疗、中止或逆转阿尔茨海默病的发展进程,因此早期、准确的诊断会给患者和他们的家庭带来福音,可帮助家人规划好未来计划,并有利于医生为患者提供疾病治疗方案,以缓解患者表现出的症状。 

约510万美国人患有阿尔茨海默症。目前尚没有明确的诊断标准及检查方法,但该病的一个特点是在大脑中有大量淀粉样斑块沉积。 

研究人员采用小鼠作为研究对象,他们试图培养出大脑中具有淀粉样蛋白斑块的小鼠,因此他们将人类相关基因插入小鼠基因组中,然后使用药物激活这个基因。小鼠的大脑细胞中含有这种突变基因后,大脑中会出现大量的淀粉样前体蛋白。 

过多的前体蛋白形成淀粉样斑块阻塞了大脑,小鼠患上了类似人类阿尔茨海默症的疾病。表现出与人类类似的精神行为症状并不断恶化。这些老鼠被称为“淀粉样前体蛋白转基因小鼠模型,”或“应用型小鼠模型。”

研究人员使用三种小鼠进行实验,经过行为和化学分析,他们发现每个应用型小鼠模型的尿液气味的特征明显不同于对照组的小鼠。且他们认为这或许不是由于尿液中的组成成分不同,而是由于成分的浓度不相同所致。随着年龄的增长,这种气味特征并无显著变化。

Daniel Wesson博士指出,尽管这项研究还处于初级阶段,但是终有一天研究人员将发现阿尔茨海默症的早期生物标记物。

原始出处:

Kimball BA, Wilson DA, Wesson DW.Alterations of the volatile metabolome in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep. 2016 Jan 14;6:19495. doi: 10.1038/srep19495.

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    2016-08-27 李东泽

    这篇资讯带给我们新知识,启发新思维,不论是科研还是临床工作都有很大的帮助。。。

    0

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健康快讯:专家揭尿液中的健康密码

健康的尿液什么样 尿液颜色:淡黄透亮。北京大学人民医院泌尿外科主任医师许清泉指出,健康的尿液应该是淡黄、透亮的,不会有沉淀、浑浊的现象。但很多因素都会影响尿液的颜色,比如饮水量、体温的变化以及食物、药物的作用。喝水多的时候,尿液可能像白开水一样,是无色的;喝水少、出汗多的时候,尿液就可能会呈啤酒似的黄色,这些情况都是正常的。 排尿频率:每天不应超过8次。北京大学肿瘤医院泌尿外科主任杨勇告诉

STM:尿液分析预测肥胖及相关代谢疾病

在最近一项研究中,科学家们从肥胖人群的尿液样本中发现一些化合物分子,对于了解肥胖如何导致相关疾病发生提供了深入见解。   超重或肥胖是导致心脏疾病,中风,糖尿病和癌症发生的高风险因子,但将身体脂肪含量与疾病相关联的分子机制一直不清楚。   在这项研究中,研究人员发现肥胖个体的尿液样本中有一些可检测的"代谢性指标",靶向这些代谢物的生成过程或可减轻肥胖对相关疾病的影响

Ann Intern Med:尿液标志物诊断膀胱癌,目前还不**

能通过尿液分析直接诊断出膀胱癌,必然是好事,毕竟这是相对于当下无创、方便、简单的检查。不过尿液中的生物标志物真的可以代替膀胱镜检查,对膀胱癌做出诊断吗?为了探究该问题,研究者检索了各大数据库,检索相关文献,进行系统回顾和荟萃分析。调查对有膀胱癌症状或体征或处于复发性阶段的成年人,使用尿液生物标志物对其膀胱癌诊断的精确性。通过检索文献,研究者筛选出57篇关于尿液中定量或定性的核基质蛋白22 (NMP

ACS 2014:研究称抗菌清洁用品化学成分会影响胎儿健康

最新医学研究报告指出,抗菌清洁用品所含的化学成分,不仅会出现在妇女的尿液里,还会出现在脐带血当中,这些物质可能对胎儿造成影响。纽约州立大学(State University of New York)南部公共卫生学院(Downstate School of Public Health)环境与职业健康科学系副教授吉尔(Laura Geer),11日在美国化学学会(American Chemical S

美研制污水净化装置 可从尿中提炼淡水

  美国《赫芬顿邮报》3月25日报道称,凭赛格威(Segway)自平衡电动车出名的美国发明家迪恩 卡门(Dean Kamen)设计出了一款名为“SLINGSHOT”的污水净化装置,通过蒸馏工艺处理污水,为缺水地区的人们提供淡水。   “SLINGSHOT”可以对任何一种存有潜在污染的液体进行蒸馏,通过冷凝蒸汽留下其存有的病原体,从而提炼出可以安全饮用的淡水。卡门在一次采访中开玩笑说,这个装置甚至