断供18个月的消化道癌药恢复生产 但廉价救命药短缺问题仍未解决

2018-08-11 黄丽君 界面新闻

已经在市场上消失了近18个月的短缺药注射用丝裂霉素,终于在近日恢复生产。8月9日,瀚晖制药正式对外宣布,注射用丝裂霉素已于本月检验合格,并正式发运、独家上市。首批生产的2000瓶注射用丝裂霉素,将捐赠送往急需的国内医疗机构,后续扩产药品则会在8月下旬正式上市供应。公开资料显示,注射用丝裂霉素是目前各国常用的抗肿瘤药,对消化道癌症的治疗效果显着,也是青光眼手术必备药物。据了解,青光眼手术要在眼部做一

已经在市场上消失了近18个月的短缺药注射用丝裂霉素,终于在近日恢复生产。

8月9日,瀚晖制药正式对外宣布,注射用丝裂霉素已于本月检验合格,并正式发运、独家上市。首批生产的2000瓶注射用丝裂霉素,将捐赠送往急需的国内医疗机构,后续扩产药品则会在8月下旬正式上市供应。

公开资料显示,注射用丝裂霉素是目前各国常用的抗肿瘤药,对消化道癌症的治疗效果显着,也是青光眼手术必备药物。

据了解,青光眼手术要在眼部做一个外流通道,这个通道在术后是不能迅速愈合的,否则就产生不了引流的效果,因此需要用抑制疤痕生长的药物,而丝裂霉素就属于这类药物。在上世纪90年代,丝裂霉素开始进入临床,将青光眼手术成功率从原来的40%提升到70%以上,成为必备药物。

然而在去年的3月份,丝裂霉素却出现了短缺断供,究其背后原因,是企业生产动力不足。

在当时,拥有注射用丝裂霉素生产批文的一共有3家企业,为海正辉瑞制药有限公司(于今年6月份更名为“瀚晖制药有限公司”)、江苏恒瑞医药股份有限公司,以及上海上药新亚药业有限公司。然而海正辉瑞制药在2014年2月份拿到注射用丝裂霉素的批准文号后,一直未曾生产该产品,也从未参与该产品的招投标;而新亚药厂则早已已经停产该药。

如今,瀚晖制药重新恢复生产注射用丝裂霉素,对于广大青光眼患者来说,确实是一个振奋人心的好消息。

不过,对于更多急需短缺药的患者来说,情况却依旧不容乐观。事实上,除了注射用丝裂霉素以外,近些年来出现短缺、断供情况的廉价救命药还有治疗重症肌无力的特效药溴吡斯的明片、心脏手术用药鱼精蛋白、治疗心脏衰竭的抢救用药西地兰注射液和儿童肿瘤常用药平阳霉素等等。

而这些低价有效又安全的药物之所以会在市场上消失,大部分都是因为价格低廉,生产企业能获取的利润较低,缺乏生产动力。比如,丝裂霉素在国内的价格仅为11.5元/支。同时,在一致性评价的大背景下,不少药企将更多的精力和资本投放在更具备竞争力的产品线上,会战略性选择淘汰、停产这类利润低的产品。

此外,原料药价格上涨过快,也使得下游制剂企业因为采购困难、利润被压缩而不得不选择停产。

为了解决廉价救命药短缺断供的困境,国家相关部门在采取了不少强有力的措施。在去年的6月份,原国家卫计委等9个部门联合下发《关于改革完善短缺药品供应保障机制的实施意见》,提出合理布局监测哨点,建立健全短缺药品清单管理制度,实施定点生产等重点任务措施。

在今年的2月份,工信部则联合卫计委、发改委、食药监总局友联合发布了《关于组织开展小品种药(短缺药)集中生产基地建设的通知》,组织开展小品种药集中生产基地建设小品种药,并将通过招投标选择若干家企业定点生产,改为通过申报与审评选定“集中生产”与“生产基地建设”。预期到2020年,实现稳定供应100种小品种药。

此外,在7月19日,我国首个国家小品种药(短缺药)供应保障联合体成立,致力于缓解部分临床必需药品供应紧张或短缺的现象,探索小品种药(短缺药)供应保障长效新机制。而且,该“药联体”首批可保障供应57个小品种药(短缺药)品种,包括苯巴比妥、硫酸鱼精蛋白、异烟肼等知名药品,涉及血管消化代谢等十余个领域。

虽然短缺药的供应保障机制已经日趋完善,但是仍然需要更多具体的落地措施去进一步保障药品供应。比如,近段时间闹得沸沸扬扬的扑尔敏价格暴涨,原料药垄断的事情,就反映出目前的监管措施尚有可商议之处,需要发改委加大对原料药垄断的打击力度,维护市场的正常运转。

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    2020-11-15 lovetcm

    #丝裂霉素#,如果不提及,是很难想得起来了,它用于#胃癌#?现在基本是5-FU,S-1等天下了吧

    0

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