CSCO 2017:王宝成教授:抗血管生成治疗耐药的理解与对策

2017-09-30 MedSci MedSci原创

2017年9月27日~9月29日,第20届全国临床肿瘤大会暨2017年CSCO学术年会在福建厦门隆重召开,在CSCO海峡两岸乳腺癌专场中来自济南军区总医院王宝成教授发表了《抗血管生成治疗耐药的理解与对策》的精彩演说一、肿瘤血管依赖理论的提出1787年最初描述血管生成Dr John Hunter,1800一些德国病理学家观察到人类肿瘤高度血管化,1945 Algire提出肿瘤血管生成(Tumor a

2017年9月27日~9月29日,第20届全国临床肿瘤大会暨2017年CSCO学术年会在福建厦门隆重召开,在CSCO海峡两岸乳腺癌专场中来自济南军区总医院王宝成教授发表了《抗血管生成治疗耐药的理解与对策》的精彩演说

一、肿瘤血管依赖理论的提出

1787年最初描述血管生成Dr John Hunter;1800一些德国病理学家观察到人类肿瘤高度血管化;
1945 Algire提出肿瘤血管生成(Tumor angiogenesis)和血管新生化(neovasclarzation)的概念;1971 里程碑的发表:Judah Folkman。

抗血管的生成,阻断血供和抑制肿瘤生长逐步成为治疗肿瘤的一个重要方案,肿瘤血管生成和抑制已得到深入研究并广泛应用于临床目前研究显示,肿瘤血管生成治疗,可改善患者的生存状况,常见肿瘤的治愈率也有一定程度的提高,但临床中仍遇到一些问题,主要就是耐药。

二、抗血管生成治疗的耐药机制

第一点,血管因素

1.VEGF通路依赖变化,非VEGF通路依赖,基质细胞相互作用

2.肿瘤血环生成的复杂过程:不仅仅VEGF

3.VEGF通路依赖的耐药机制

配体:VEGF被抑制以后,PIGF、VEGFB、VEGFC和VEGFD仍可在VEGFR的信号通路中发挥作用,最终导致肿瘤血管的生成

受体:VEGFR3在肿瘤内皮细胞中表达,并参与血管芽生及内皮细胞增殖

4.VEGF基因多态性

5.非VEGF通路依赖的配药机制

1)FGF生长因子家族

2)PDGF-PDGFR

3)Delta样配体4(DII4)-Notch信号通路

4)血管生成素(Ang)-Tie信号通路

5)转录因袭HIF-1激活多种下游效应

6.替代性促血管生成因子的增强表达

在肿瘤的发展中可以产生包括成纤维细胞生长因子、血小板源性生长因子、胎盘生长因子和肿瘤坏死因子α等其他血管生成因子。

7.肿瘤血管申城的另一条关键通路:DII4/Notch 信号通路

Notch受体有多种跨膜配体,与血管生成相关的Delta样配体4只表达与内皮细胞表面。

王宝成教授还为我们详细讲解了整合素信号通路、套入式血管生成及血管生成拟态。

8.血管的供选择

1)血管生成的速度快

2)只需很少的内皮细胞增殖

3)血管通透性低

第二点,肿瘤因素

1.肿瘤细胞的异质性

肿瘤细胞的异质性是恶性肿瘤的特征之一。肿瘤在生长过程中,经过多次分裂增殖,其子细胞呈现出分子生物学或基因方面的改变,从而使肿瘤的生长速度、侵袭能力、对药物的敏感性、预后等各方面产生差异。肿瘤异质性不仅是单独的随机突变,还有多变的环境选择力量。符合达尔文的物种选择进化动力学说。

异质性肿瘤细胞比一般细胞更有生存优势,逐渐被肿瘤选择并保留下来,不仅对一般细胞的毒性药物产生抗性,对抗血管治疗也获得耐药性,使血管生成治疗效果降低。

2.肿瘤细胞自噬

自噬是细胞质内双层膜包裹部分胞质和细胞内降解的细胞器、蛋白质等成分形成自噬体,进一步与溶酶体融合成自噬溶酶体,降解其所包裹内容物的过程。自噬一方面为细胞本身代谢和某些细胞器更新提供能源,另一方面当细胞处于应激状态时,细胞通过自噬方式“自杀”诱导细胞凋亡。

第三点,传统耐药机制

1)肿瘤细胞的多药耐药(MDR)

2)多药耐药相关蛋白(MRP)

3)乳腺癌耐药蛋白以及肺耐药相关蛋白

4)谷胱甘肽转硫酶系统(GST-π)

第四点,肿瘤微环境变化

1.缺氧诱导因子

2.免疫抑制

3.P53基因缺失

P53+肿瘤血管密度、数量增加,同时P53+肿瘤细胞生存能力和抗凋亡能力均有增强。

三、思考与对策

1.联合治疗

1)抗血管生成治疗+TKI

J025567:贝伐珠单抗联合厄洛替尼

2)抗血管生成治疗+免疫治疗

抗血管生成治疗+免疫治疗在许多案例都取得了不错的成果,通过OKI研究了解免疫治疗与EGFR基因状态的关系。

3)抗血管治疗+Atezo

2.开发新型抑制

1)ZODIACZZ临床研究中EGFR FISH预测,凡替他尼+多西他赛组有PSF获益。

2)Lume-Lung1:尼达尼布,延长肺腺癌患者的PSF和OS。

3)REVEL:多西他赛+雷莫芦单抗,二线治疗NSCLCDE的III期随机临床研究。

3.调整用药剂量和时间

1)血管靶向药物要联合还有维持治疗,一线长疗程维持治疗(恩度)晚期(NSCLC)带来更多生存获益,多因素分层分析表明长疗效持续治疗为OS的独立预后因素。

期中应用泛靶点抗血管生成药物有

HIFI-α(VEGF关键触发因素)、MMPs(血管芽生和肿瘤转移的关键)、VEGFA(关键促血管生成因子)、PDGF或PDGFR、neuropilin 1肿瘤表皮细胞的VEGF、EGFR(胰腺癌的驱动基因)等

2)泛靶点抗血管生成药物Endosation有效遏制肿瘤逃逸效应的发生导致肿瘤休眠,

4.肿瘤血管治疗与耐药的关系

抗血管治疗→抗血管治疗耐药→再治疗→再耐药,这是一个循环往复的过程。

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    2017-10-03 虈亣靌

    学习了谢谢作者分享!

    0

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  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1932955, encodeId=114a193295560, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6b1255e66ba' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗血管#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55766, encryptionId=6b1255e66ba, topicName=抗血管)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9fe6351, createdName=flyingeagle77, createdTime=Sun Jul 29 09:54:00 CST 2018, time=2018-07-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=250043, encodeId=804f25004332, content=学习了谢谢作者分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Tue Oct 03 17:03:04 CST 2017, time=2017-10-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1545641, encodeId=a6041545641dc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4dd155e701f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗血管生成#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=25, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55770, encryptionId=4dd155e701f, topicName=抗血管生成)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=608413807146, createdName=12498bd5m20暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon Oct 02 02:54:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=249226, encodeId=d05d24922636, content=好资料学习了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Sat Sep 30 23:43:20 CST 2017, time=2017-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=249201, encodeId=38052492013b, content=很好的文章.谢谢分享, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/Q3auHgzwzM4o2XVpJ6449yqDsjibydI5HnJ8MibGxNn4HZiaZib0bdfibbwoz3KQrIyN9AGxq36ZlZRNicYlPfOOWMtwgsajY6mGNFiaPclFdowjD0/0, createdBy=97bd1338592, createdName=清风拂面, createdTime=Sat Sep 30 23:24:57 CST 2017, time=2017-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=249105, encodeId=fef824910538, content= 学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmhead/Q3auHgzwzM6P57Bs8gOPaY1cQP9lIia0lmZOEXraGaoicqNToIslXDKw/0, createdBy=7a041951742, createdName=衣带渐宽, createdTime=Sat Sep 30 12:35:26 CST 2017, time=2017-09-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-09-30 虈亣靌

    好资料学习了!

    0

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    2017-09-30 清风拂面

    很好的文章.谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-09-30 衣带渐宽

    学习

    0

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