J ALZHEIMER DIS:空气污染颗粒伤肺又伤脑,恐引发阿尔茨海默症!

2017-06-13 TJU 转化医学网

蒙大拿大学的研究人员进行的一项新研究,经燃烧产生的空气污染颗粒(CDNPs)存在于年轻的城市居民大脑中,这项研究一时间引起了社会人员的高度关注。 研究人员利用透射电子显微镜观察了大量墨西哥城儿童、青少年以及年轻人的神经元、神经胶质细胞、脉络丛和神经血管中存在的污染颗粒,这些人均长期暴露于高于US-EPA标准的污染颗粒中。日前该研究成果发表在《阿尔茨海默病杂志》上。

蒙大拿大学的研究人员进行的一项新研究,经燃烧产生的空气污染颗粒(CDNPs)存在于年轻的城市居民大脑中,这项研究一时间引起了社会人员的高度关注。 研究人员利用透射电子显微镜观察了大量墨西哥城儿童、青少年以及年轻人的神经元、神经胶质细胞、脉络丛和神经血管中存在的污染颗粒,这些人均长期暴露于高于US-EPA标准的污染颗粒中。日前该研究成果发表在《阿尔茨海默病杂志》上。

这些微小污染颗粒通过鼻,肺和胃肠系统进入大脑影响健康,这些有害影响可以通过包括线粒体以及轴突和树突在内的关键性神经元细胞器的广泛损伤而被快速识别。由于这些微小污染颗粒与神经丝,神经胶质纤维和染色质紧密相关,研究人员非常关注其对微管动力学、蛋白质折叠、线粒体功能障碍、钙稳态、胰岛素信号传导以及表观遗传变化的潜在作用。

墨西哥城的许多儿童,青少年和成年人已经表现出阿尔茨海默病(AD)的关键特征:高度磷酸化的tau蛋白、显着的脑和鞘内神经炎症、失调的免疫反应、上皮和内皮的分解障碍、神经血管单位的广泛损伤。此外,这些看似健康的年轻人,与年龄,性别和社会经济地位相匹配的且暴露于低空气污染的年轻人相比,具有嗅觉缺陷、激素失调、注意力缺乏等特点。携带载脂蛋白E(APOE)等位基因的超重女性青少年的认知问题尤其严重,这是AD最常见的遗传危险因素。

Lilian Calderon-Garcidueňas博士指出:“根据目前的电子显微镜观察结果和文献显示,连续暴露于高浓度细颗粒物质(PM 2.5)和臭氧的情况下,大气污染物与脑损伤密切关联。神经退行性疾病的年轻化问题应该是紧急的公共卫生问题。”

据研究人员介绍,微小污染颗粒会对儿童大脑发育产生严重不良影响。这些微小颗粒是普遍存在的,并且在3岁以下的儿童中以高浓度存在。这些颗粒含有过渡性神经毒性金属,它们肯定会引起广泛的脑损伤。Lilian Calderon-Garcidueňas博士强调:“年轻大脑中的微小颗粒具有使其能够引起氧化损伤的性质,因为这些纳米级颗粒能够穿过所有障碍物。”

所有参与研究的研究人员都认为,尽管有明确的驾驶限制政策,数百万墨西哥城居民仍继续暴露于非常不健康的PM 2.5和臭氧中 ,这些都是AD的已知危险因素。

Lilian Calderon-Garcidueňas博士说:“我们的研究结果表明,政府迫切需要大幅度降低墨西哥城和邻近污染国家细颗粒物质和臭氧的浓度。多学科干预策略可为预防或改善空气污染提供有效途径。”

空气污染颗粒、营养不良、肥胖、代谢综合征、城市压力以及APOE的综合影响会导致年轻大脑的神经退行性变化加速。

作者得出结论:高度氧化的燃烧微小颗粒进入年轻发育的大脑,是阿尔茨海默病发展的最大隐性罪魁祸首,其构成了非常严重的公共卫生问题,造成严重的社会和经济后果。

原始出处:

Daniela Semedo.Air Pollution in Mexico City Has Detrimental Impact on Alzheimer’s Disease.Journal of Alzheimer's Disease.

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    2017-06-15 meiliwuxian

    来中国做个流調吧

    0

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