Nature:食管腺癌和食管鳞状细胞癌是两种不同的疾病?

2017-01-07 不详 生物谷

在一项新的研究中,来自癌症基因组图谱研究网络(The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network, TCGA)的研究人员对从全世界病人体内收集到的559种食管癌和胃癌样品进行综合性分析,分析结果提示着两种主要的食管癌类型在它们的分子特征上存在着显著的差别,应当被视为不同的疾病。相关研究结果于2017年1月4日在线发表在Nature期刊上,论文标题为“Integra


在一项新的研究中,来自癌症基因组图谱研究网络(The Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network, TCGA)的研究人员对从全世界病人体内收集到的559种食管癌和胃癌样品进行综合性分析,分析结果提示着两种主要的食管癌类型在它们的分子特征上存在着显著的差别,应当被视为不同的疾病。相关研究结果于2017年1月4日在线发表在Nature期刊上,论文标题为“Integrated genomic characterization of oesophageal carcinoma”。

这项研究包括两个关键的信息。首先,上食管癌更加类似于头颈癌,而食管靠下方部位中的肿瘤与一种胃癌亚型几乎无法区分。第二,癌症临床试验应当依据分子亚型对病人进行分类---总体而言,将下食管癌与胃癌分在一起,同时独立地评估上食管癌。

论文共同通信作者、美国达纳-法伯癌症研究所临床科学家Adam Bass博士说,“这些发现让我们当前对食管癌基因组学的理解更加深入和复杂。我们希望这项研究解决了食管癌领域中的一些长期存在的不确定性,并且为寻求开发更加有效的临床试验和新的治疗方法的科学家们和药物开发者提供一种权威性的参考手册。”

几十年来,医生们就已知道在显微镜下观察时,食管癌可分为两类:食管腺癌,类似于胃癌或结肠癌;食管鳞状细胞癌,类似于一些肺癌、皮肤癌和头颈癌。至今尚未明确的是,食管腺癌和食管鳞状细胞癌在分子特征上存在多大程度的差异,以及食管腺癌与胃腺癌之间的关系如何。

TCGA主要研究者Peter W. Laird博士说,“我们证实这些临床食管癌亚型在分子水平上存在着显著的差异。这些发现提示着相比于单个肿瘤的分子特征,肿瘤无论是起源自食管还是胃部并不那么重要。”

在美国新诊断出的癌症病例中,食管癌仅代表其中的1%。然而,在确诊后5年内,它杀死每5名病人中的4人。当前的治疗方法经常没有效果。另外,食管腺癌的病例在过去40年里急剧增加,从二十世纪七十年代以来增加了7倍。在这个领域,人们并不确定这种日益增加的食管腺癌与发生在胃部中的腺癌之间的关系。

这项新的研究声称不需要持续争论食管腺癌(esophageal adenocarcinoma)和胃腺癌(gastric adenocarcinoma)之间的界限,相反,应当将胃食管腺癌(gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma)作为一个更加单一的实体,就好比结直肠癌那样。特别地,研究人员揭示出食管腺癌与一类胃癌(被称作染色体不稳定的肿瘤)存在着明显的分子相似性。染色体不稳定的肿瘤的典型特征是显著的染色体结构异常。

美国斯隆凯特琳癌症纪念中心胃肠道肿瘤学家Yelena Y. Janjigian博士(未参与这项研究)说,“很明显,这些TCGA数据表明食管腺癌和食管鳞状细胞癌是完全不同的疾病,而且不应当包含在同一个治疗性的临床试验中。”

肿瘤学家说,针对食管癌的这种微妙的观点,包括食管腺癌的详细分子分类,将可能改变他们的研究和治疗方法。

原始出处:

Integrated genomic characterization of oesophageal carcinoma.

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    2017-03-03 liye789132251
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    2017-06-10 luominglian113

    学习了,谢谢分享

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    2017-01-09 zhouqu_8
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盘点:近期食管腺癌相关研究进展

【1】Lancet Oncol:Barrett食管发展为食管腺癌,与哪些基因有关?高收入国家的食管腺癌发病率节节攀升,虽然Barrett食管是其癌前病变,但是从Barrett食管发展为食管腺癌仍是极少数,不过对于这种恶化发展的预测仍缺乏有效指标。因此有研究者进行了全基因组荟萃分析,识别Barrett食管发展为食管腺癌的遗传变异风险。研究纳入了来自欧洲、北美和澳大利亚的四项基于高密度单核苷酸多态