ASCO 2016:PD-1类药物在肝癌中应用临床数据解析

2016-06-10 菠菜 咚咚癌友圈

我国是肝癌大国,每年新发46万人,比例占全世界的55%,“中国特色”成功打下了半壁江山。国内的肝癌大部分是由于乙肝病毒感染引起的,少部分是和熬夜酗酒有关系,所以,菠菜提醒大家注意作息,养成良好的生活习惯。   由于起病隐袭,国内大部分肝癌患者直到转移后才发现病情。对于这种晚期肝癌,我们可以采取的治疗手段十分有限。目前,FDA唯一批准的靶向药是多吉美,患者使用多吉美的中位生存时间大约是

我国是肝癌大国,每年新发46万人,比例占全世界的55%,“中国特色”成功打下了半壁江山。国内的肝癌大部分是由于乙肝病毒感染引起的,少部分是和熬夜酗酒有关系,所以,菠菜提醒大家注意作息,养成良好的生活习惯。
 
由于起病隐袭,国内大部分肝癌患者直到转移后才发现病情。对于这种晚期肝癌,我们可以采取的治疗手段十分有限。目前,FDA唯一批准的靶向药是多吉美,患者使用多吉美的中位生存时间大约是6.5-10.7个月,副作用还不小。多吉美耐药之后患者就没有标准的治疗手段,使用最好的支持治疗也仅仅能够延长7-8个月的生存期。

随着PD-1抑制剂的面世,肝癌患者们迎来了新的、更加充满希望的选择。

PD-1抗体已经在晚期恶性黑色素瘤和非小肺癌等实体瘤中具有很好的效果,目前已获得FDA批准的适应症。在肝癌中也崭露头角,下面菠菜会给大家更新一下关于肝癌PD-1抑制剂临床试验的信息。

1前情回顾:PD-1用于肝癌治疗的初步临床数据

PD-1抑制剂用于肝癌的临床试验Checkmate-040的相关临床数据,我们先来回顾一下这个临床试验的相关内容:

临床试验招募人数:51人。

招募患者条件:多吉美治疗失败、复发或者副作用不耐受的晚期肝癌患者。这些患者中,大部分患者都存在肝外转移,且大部分患者都在参与临床实验前使用过索拉菲尼,且治疗失败。

药物剂量:0.1mg/kg到10mg/kg。(估计3mg/kg为疗效最佳剂量)

临床结果:在可评估的48位患者中,7位患者的肿瘤至少缩小30%,其中3名患者肿瘤完全消失。病情的客观缓解率达到了15%。

除了上述的7位幸运儿,还有24位患者的肿瘤得到控制,不再发展。肿瘤得到控制的患者整好占了所有患者数量的50%,加上刚刚病情得到客观缓解的患者,在此次临床试验中,PD-1抑制剂治疗肝癌的疾病控制率达到了65%。

截至目前,参与临床试验的患者中位生存期达到了15.1个月。9个月生存率是67%,12个月生存率59%,18个月生存率是48%。

另外,临床试验中还观察到PD-1抗体具有抗丙肝病毒的活性。

副作用:治疗相关的副作用发生的比例是77%,主要是乏力、腹泻、皮疹、转氨酶升高。3-4级严重副作用发生的概率仅有5.4%。


 

2临床数据更新:PD-1抑制剂多久起效,何时停药,停药后疗效能否维持?

今年的ASCO大会中,官方更新了肝癌PD-1抑制剂临床试验Checkmate-040的一些数据,相信这些数据对我们的咚友们会有一定的参考价值。

参与临床的48位肝癌患者中,有7位患者的肿瘤缩小至少30%,其中,3位患者的肿瘤完全消失。下面这个图描述了这7位患者的用药时间和效果持续时间



如图所示,7位患者中的5位在用药三个月之内肿瘤就开始缩小,另外两位第四个月和第五个月的时候肿瘤开始缩小。

3位肿瘤完全消失的患者:一位患者PD-1抑制剂持续有效。这位患者仅使用PD-1抑制剂4个月,肿瘤消失后停药,PD-1使用剂量是3mg/kg。目前,这位患者已经保持无瘤状态2年时间,并还在持续保持疗效;

一位患者用药17个月之后停药,剂量是0.3mg/kg,5个月之后复发,现在继续治疗

最后一位患者用药大概8个月之后停药,24个月之后去世,原因不明。

这7位有效的患者,中位的效果持续时间是17个月。就是一旦PD-1抗体有效,50%的概率效果可以持续17个月不复发。患者样本太少,这个数据仅供参考

3临床提示:多吉美使用不影响Opdivo的效果

研究人员分析了使用过多吉美的37名患者和没有使用过多吉美的11名患者的生存期的数据,发现多吉美的使用并不影响患者对PD-1抗体的应答。(详见下图)

4结论
 
根据目前的临床数据分析,肝癌患者使用PD-1抗体是安全的,副作用比较高的是转氨酶升高;有效率也很高,疾病控制率达到了65%;大部分有效的患者在3个月之内可以观察到肿瘤缩小;患者的中位生存期可以达到15个月,远远优于目前肝癌在临床治疗中采取的常规治疗手段。

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    2016-11-30 quxin068
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    2016-08-24 hongbochen
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    2016-06-10 milkshark

    值得研究

    0

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    2016-06-10 milkshark

    这个不错

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2016694, encodeId=b1c92016694ff, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=75a2228481a' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#临床数据#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=20, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=22848, encryptionId=75a2228481a, topicName=临床数据)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=fa4f352, createdName=chenlianhui, createdTime=Sun Apr 09 01:31:00 CST 2017, time=2017-04-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1938588, encodeId=12ef193858817, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1c292818fd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ASC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=29, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=2818, encryptionId=1c292818fd, topicName=ASC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=74808, createdName=quxin068, createdTime=Wed Nov 30 11:31:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1672786, encodeId=1f4216e2786e2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b79b910345c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#解析#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=35, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91034, encryptionId=b79b910345c, topicName=解析)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f42d26916490, createdName=hongbochen, createdTime=Wed Aug 24 18:31:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=89227, encodeId=6bf58922e71, content=值得研究, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Fri Jun 10 19:39:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=89226, encodeId=1863892267e, content=这个不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=107, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7cde98330, createdName=milkshark, createdTime=Fri Jun 10 19:38:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=89198, encodeId=ea04891988c, content=虽然整体获益并不多,但是对肝癌能有这样已经很了不起了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=147, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Fri Jun 10 11:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-06-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-06-10 lovetcm

    虽然整体获益并不多,但是对肝癌能有这样已经很了不起了

    0

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