Lancet:脑室内出血阿替普酶灌注清除出血是否改善预后?

2017-03-20 佚名 环球医学

脑室内出死亡率高达50%,即使幸存也大都有严重残疾。2017年2月,发表在《Lancet》的一项随机、多中心、安慰剂对照研究CLEAR III调查了阿替普酶与生理盐水灌注相比来清除脑室内出血能否改善功能预后。

脑室内出死亡率高达50%,即使幸存也大都有严重残疾。2017年2月,发表在《Lancet》的一项随机、多中心、安慰剂对照研究CLEAR III调查了阿替普酶与生理盐水灌注相比来清除脑室内出血能否改善功能预后。

背景:脑室内出血是脑内出血的一种亚型,死亡率高达50%,并且幸存者一般有严重残疾。研究旨在明确阿替普酶vs生理盐水灌注清除脑室内出血能否改善功能预后。

方法:在这项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照、多地区研究(CLEAR III)中,受试者常规放置脑室外引流管,在重症监护内病情稳定,非创伤性脑出血量少于30 mL,脑室内出血使第三或第四脑室阻塞,无其他潜在的病理过程。通过网络系统随机分配至(1:1)接受12次治疗,每间隔8小时通过室外引流管灌注阿替普酶1 mg或9%生理盐水。治疗分组情况对治疗医生、临床研究人员和参与者设盲。整个给药完全后,每24 h进行一次CT扫描。主要疗效结局为良好的功能预后,定义为180日时评估者盲法进行中心裁决时改良的Rankin Scale评分(mRS)不超过3。这项研究已注册在ClinicalTrials.gov,编号为NCT00784134。

结果:2009年9月18日至2015年1月13日期间,500名患者被随机分组:249名至阿替普酶组,251名至生理盐水组。对来自阿替普酶组249名受试者中246名和安慰剂组251名受试者中245名的180日随访数据进行分析。各组的主要疗效指标相似(良好预后在阿替普酶组和生理盐水组分别为48% vs. 45%;风险比[RR]为1.06[95%CI 0.88~1.28;P=0.554 ])。校正脑室内出血多少和丘脑出血后,两组差异为3.5%(RR为1.08 [95%CI 0.90~1.29],P=0.420)。180日时,治疗组同生理盐水组相比,死亡病例较少(46 [18%] vs. [73]29%,风险比为0.60 [95%CI 0.41~0.86],P=0.006),但mRS为5的患者比例更大(42 [17%] vs. 21 [9%];RR 1.99 [95%CI 1.22~3.26],P=0.007)。阿替普酶治疗组发生脑室炎(17 [7%] vs. 31 [12%];RR 0.55 [95%CI 0.31~0.97],P=0.048)和严重不良事件(114 [46%] vs. 151 [60%];RR 0.76 [95%CI 0.64~0.90],P=0.002)的患者较少。症状性出血(阿替普酶组有6例[2%] vs. 生理盐水组有5例[2%];RR 1.21[95%CI 0.37~3.91],P=0.771)在两组间相似。

阐释:在脑室内出血且进行常规脑室外引流的患者中,灌注阿替普酶同生理盐水相比,没有明显改善mRS阈值为3时的功能预后结局。根据计划使用阿替普酶同时进行脑室外引流似乎是安全的。仍需要进一步的研究来确定更频繁地使用阿替普酶来进行脑室内清除出血能否产生功能状态的收益。

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    2017-04-19 howi
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    2017-08-06 yyj062
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    2017-03-22 tastas

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