ω-3减缓视网膜色素变性进展

ω-3 Intake and Visual Acuity in Patients With Retinitis Pigmentosa Receiving Vitamin A

Eliot L. Berson, Bernard Rosner, Michael A. Sandberg, Carol Weigel-DiFranco, Walter C. Willett

ABSTRACT Objective ：To evaluate whether a diet high in long-chain -3 fatty acids can slow the rate of visual acuity loss among patients with retinitis pigmentosareceiving vitamin A palmitate. Methods：We calculated dietary intake from questionnaires completed annually by 357 adult patients from 3 randomized trials who were all receiving vitamin A, 15 000 IU/d, for 4 to 6 years. Rates of visual acuity decline were compared between those with high ( 0.20 g/d) vs low (<0.20 g/d) -3 intake. Analyses took age into account. Results ：Mean rates of decline of acuity were slower among those with high -3 intake: Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study distance acuity: high intake = 0.59 letter per year, low intake = 1.00 letter per year, P = .001; Snellen retinal acuity: high intake = 1.5% per year, low intake = 2.8% per year, P = .03. Conclusions： We conclude that mean annual rates of decline in distance and retinal visual acuities in adults with retinitis pigmentosa receiving vitamin A, 15 000 IU/d, are slower over 4 to 6 years among those consuming a diet rich in -3 fatty acids. To our knowledge, this is the first report that nutritional intake can modify the rate of decline of visual acuity in retinitis pigmentosa.