Infect Dis:西非常年和低季节性疟疾传播环境中无症状感染者中疟疾感染的分布

2018-04-25 MedSci MedSci原创

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:0cm;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height: normal">2000年以来,全球在减少疟疾方面取得了重大进展。然而,西非一些国家仍然是疟疾感染的热点地区,所有年龄阶段的人都面临感染风险。无症状的疟原虫携带者是疟疾感染的重要来源,可通过疟疾媒介在有利的生态流行病学环境中传播疟疾。这

2000年以来,全球在减少疟疾方面取得了重大进展。然而,西非一些国家仍然是疟疾感染的热点地区,所有年龄阶段的人都面临感染风险。无症状的疟原虫携带者是疟疾感染的重要来源,可通过疟疾媒介在有利的生态流行病学环境中传播疟疾。这项研究的目的是评估科特迪瓦北部和毛里塔尼亚南部的两个城市地区KorhogoKaedi的无症状疟疾病例。

2014年雨季和2015年旱季开展横断面调查。在每一季中,随机抽取728户家庭,开展家庭调查问卷,收集人口和流行病学数据,包括社区使用的疟疾预防方法。通过获取指尖血,采用显微镜和常规的快速诊断试剂(RDTs)进行生物检查。

共有2672个家庭和15858个参与者接受了调查。在KorhogoKaedi 疟原虫感染率分比为12.4% (n = 832)0.3% (n = 22)。在Korhogo,由RDT检测的无症状疟疾的发病率为10.5% (95% CI: 9.7-11.2),而由显微镜检测的发病率为9.3% (95% CI: 8.6-10.0)。在Kaedi,无症状疟疾流行率为0.2% (95% CI: 0.1-0.4),而所有RDTs检测均为阴性(n = 8372)。在Korhogo,无症状疟疾感染与年龄和季节有显著的相关性,5-14岁和雨季期间有更高的风险。在Kaedi,无症状疟疾感染的风险只与季节有关(在旱季较高);原始OR (cOR)6.37, 95% CI: 1.87-21.63。在两个研究点中发现的主要虫种是恶性疟原虫,分别为:Korhogo 99.2% (n = 825)Kaedi  59.1% (n = 13)。仅仅在Korhogo雨季观察到了1.3% (95% CI: 0.7-2.4)的配子体。

研究结果显示,在两个城市地区,临床疟疾发病率低,无症状的携带者占很大比例。国家针对疟疾感染的政策重点是治疗有症状的病例。疟疾控制战略应该重视监测和管理无症状感染者,同时还需要采取其它措施,包括室内残留喷洒,有效利用长效杀虫剂浸渍的蚊帐(LLINs),以减少KorhogoKaedi疟疾感染的数量。

原始出处:

Constant G N Gbalégba, Hampâté Ba, Kigbafori D Silué,Distribution of Plasmodium spp. infection in asymptomatic carriers, a potential target in perennial and low seasonal malaria transmission settings in West Africa.

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    2018-05-07 wxl882001

    学习一下

    0

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    2018-04-27 30397606
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