JAMA Psychiatry:预防精神分裂症复发 选择哪些抗精神病药物靠谱?

2017-07-31 安雅晶 环球医学资讯

由于无法在随机临床试验中纳入大量未经筛选的患者人群,以及观察性研究选择偏倚的残余混杂,不同抗精神病药物治疗在预防精神分裂症复发方面是否有临床意义的差异尚不清楚。2017年7月,发表在《JAMA Psychiatry》的一项研究调查了抗精神病药物治疗精神分裂症的相对真实世界有效性。

由于无法在随机临床试验中纳入大量未经筛选的患者人群,以及观察性研究选择偏倚的残余混杂,不同抗精神病药物治疗在预防精神分裂症复发方面是否有临床意义的差异尚不清楚。2017年7月,发表在《JAMA Psychiatry》的一项研究调查了抗精神病药物治疗精神分裂症的相对真实世界有效性。

目的:研究抗精神病药物治疗精神分裂症的相对真实世界有效性。

设计、地点和受试者:链接前瞻性获取的国内数据库,研究2006年7月1日至2013年12月31日期间,瑞典所有确诊为精神分裂症,在2006年年龄为16岁至64岁的患者(总流行队列29823例患者;突发队列4603例新确诊患者)精神分裂症复发和治疗失败的风险。主要分析采用个案分析,每个个体均被用作其自身的对照,以消除筛选偏倚。使用Cox比例风险多元回归,进行二级分析。
主要结局和测量指标:精神分裂症复发和治疗失败的风险(定义为因精神病再入院、企图自杀、停药或换药,或死亡)。

结果:研究纳入29823例患者(12822 例女性,17001例男性;平均[SD] 年龄,44.9 [12.0]岁)。在随访期间,29823例患者中有13042例患者(43.7%)再入院,28189例患者中有20225例患者(71.7%)经历治疗失败。与不使用抗精神病药物相比,每月1次长效注射剂帕潘立酮(风险比[HR],0.51;95% CI,0.41~0.64)、长效注射剂珠氯噻醇(HR,0.53;95% CI,0.48~0.57)、氯氮平(HR,0.53;95% CI,0.48~0.58)、长效注射剂奋乃静(HR,0.58;95% CI,0.52~0.65)及长效注射剂奥氮平(HR,0.58;95% CI,0.44~0.77)的单药疗法,因精神病再入院的风险最低。口服氟哌噻屯(HR,0.92;95% CI,0.74~1.14)、喹硫平(HR,0.91;95% CI,0.83~1.00)以及口服奋乃静(HR,0.86;95% CI,0.77~0.97)时再入院的风险最高。与等效口服制剂相比,长效抗精神病注射剂与显着较低的再入院风险相关(总队列HR,0.78;95% CI,0.72~0.84;突发队列HR,0.68;95% CI,0.53~0.86)。与大部分广泛使用的药物及口服奥氮平相比,氯氮平(HR,0.58;95% CI,0.53~0.63)和所有长效抗精神病注射剂(HRs 0.65~0.80)与最低的治疗失败率相关。该主要分析与一些敏感性分析的结果一致。

结论和相关性:氯氮平和长效抗精神病注射剂是精神分裂症复发预防率最高的药物治疗。与等效口服制剂相比,长效注射剂使再入院风险降低20%~30%。

原始出处:

Tiihonen J, Mittendorfer-Rutz E, Majak M,et al.Real-World Effectiveness of Antipsychotic Treatments in a Nationwide Cohort of 29?823 Patients With Schizophrenia.JAMA Psychiatry. 2017 Jul 1;74(7):686-693. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.1322.

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    2017-07-31 131****1460

    学习了受益匪浅。

    0