液态活检预测前列腺癌耐药性,NGS助力探讨分子机制

2015-11-09 佚名 生物谷

【导读】11月4日《科学转化医学》杂志上的一则研究表明,利用下一代测序可评估前列腺癌患者血液中雄激素受体(AR)基因的变化,有助于解释去势难治性前列腺癌对雄性激素的抵抗性。 11月4日《科学转化医学》杂志上的一则研究表明,利用下一代测序可评估前列腺癌患者血液中雄激素受体(AR)基因的变化,有助于解释去势难治性前列腺癌对雄性激素的抵抗性。 该研究由意大利特兰托大学及伦敦癌症研究中心研究人员主导,

【导读】11月4日《科学转化医学》杂志上的一则研究表明,利用下一代测序可评估前列腺癌患者血液中雄激素受体(AR)基因的变化,有助于解释去势难治性前列腺癌对雄性激素的抵抗性。

11月4日《科学转化医学》杂志上的一则研究表明,利用下一代测序可评估前列腺癌患者血液中雄激素受体(AR)基因的变化,有助于解释去势难治性前列腺癌对雄性激素的抵抗性。

该研究由意大利特兰托大学及伦敦癌症研究中心研究人员主导,研究对象为97个病理。研究人员发现接受abiraterone治疗之前AR基因未改变的患者生存期明显长于AR基因发生改变的患者,同时研究人员发现患者对药物的抵抗性与两个突变位点有关。

尽管前列腺癌最初可以采取去势治疗,但大多数患者最终会发展为去势难治性前列腺癌,这些患者通常会使用抑制AR基因的药物来治疗,但这些药物并不能治愈癌症且患者会在一年内产生抗药性。

通过ctDNA基因测序探讨耐药性分子机制

为了探讨耐药性的分子机制,研究人员测定了217个血液样本AR基因的整个编码区,这些血液样本来自80名难治性前列腺癌患者,这些患者都在接受abirateroneAR抑制剂治疗。

在初级激素治疗过程中,AR基因突变在前列腺癌是罕见的,但出现去势抵抗后就不一样了。研究人员试图想确定AR基因突变或片段增加是否与对abiraterone的抵抗性有关。由于获取肿瘤组织切片对患者来说具有侵入性,因此研究人员采用了非侵入性的方法即通过评估患者循环肿瘤DNA来索取答案。

研究人员从97个患者中可获得足够多的ctDNA样本,并发现217个样本中有81个样本AR基因拷贝数增加。此外,16个患者的41个样本的AR基因存在非同义突变。80名患者中有40%AR基因拷贝数增加或产生突变。总体而言,无论是 AR基因拷贝数增加还是突变,患者病情都比拥有正常AR基因的患者严重。

此外,该研究团队还识别了两个突变位点,这些位点在接受治疗的常规样本中并未出现。研究人员在7名患者中找到了AR基因的突变点,并假设这与对药物的选择性压力有关。相比之下,患者AR基因拷贝数增加的趋势在治疗过程中并未改变。大约30%未出现AR拷贝增加的患者最终出现了AR基因突变。这意味着血液AR基因可作为去势难治性前列腺癌评估的新指标,对早期治疗变化的评估有重要意义。

本文研究作者写道,“之前曾有研究支持AR基因拷贝数的增加与对abiraterone的抵抗性有关,还有研究发现AR拷贝数增加与对abiraterone的敏感性有关。未来的研究可能有助于解释这这两种研究结果的差异。”此外,研究人员写道,扩大测序范围可能有助于揭示与abiraterone耐药性有关的额外突变。

华盛顿大学及霍普金斯大学研究人员在该论文的评论中写道,了解耐药性的分子机制对新的临床治疗靶点和生物标志的鉴定相当重要。

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    2016-08-27 李东泽

    这篇资讯带给我们新知识,启发新思维,不论是科研还是临床工作都有很大的帮助。。。

    0

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    2015-12-27 忠诚向上

    好学习很值得好学习

    0

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    2015-11-11 smlt2008
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    2015-11-11 heli0118