BMJ:前列腺特异性抗原筛查的效果及安全性研究

2018-09-10 zhangfan MedSci原创

研究认为前列腺特异性抗原对降低前列腺癌死亡风险的效果不显著

近日研究人员开展系统综述和荟萃分析,考察了前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)检测对前列腺癌筛查的有效性和安全性。

非前列腺癌患者参与的,PSA与常规筛查相比较的随机研究纳入本次研究。通过随机效应模型来获得累积发病率(IRR),并根据年龄、筛查频率、家族史、种族和社会经济水平进行亚组分析。

5个随机对照研究,总计包含721718名参与者。总体而言,PSA筛查对全因死亡(IRR 0.99)以及前列腺癌特异性死亡(IRR 0.96)无显著影响。对1项低偏倚研究进行敏感性分析证实,筛查对全因死亡影响不显著(IRR=1.0),但对于前列腺癌特异性死亡率有降低效果(IRR=0.79),但效果极其微弱--相当于筛查后10年中,1000名男性仅可以减少1人的死亡风险。模型研究发现,每1000名接受筛查的男性参与者中,分别有1、3以及25人以上筛查后会导致败血症住院、严重尿失禁以及勃起功能障碍。

研究认为前列腺特异性抗原对降低前列腺癌死亡风险的效果不显著。

原始出处:


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    2019-05-05 gaoxiaoe
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    2018-09-11 kafei

    了解一下谢谢

    0

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    2018-09-10 CHANGE

    疗效只是效果的众多方面之一,还要看对患者的获益,包括生活质量等因素共同决定效果的

    0

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雄激素受体(AR)在前列腺癌(PCa)中的表达是多样化的,但是AR异质性的功能意义仍旧不清楚。最近,有研究人员筛选了大约200个来源于89名患者的去势抵抗性PCa(CRPC)病灶和全组织包埋切片阐释了AR表达的3中模式:细胞核(nuc-AR)、细胞核/细胞质混合(nuc/cyto-AR)和低/无表达(AR-/lo)。异种种植模型阐释了AR+CRPC对恩杂鲁胺是敏感的,但是AR-/lo CRPC对恩

Prostate Cancer P D:前列腺癌患者中,家族癌症历史对第二癌症风险和死亡率的影响

生存率在前列腺癌患者中不断增加,且在这些患者中第二原发癌症(SPCs)越来越普遍。然而,SPCs的病因和临床结果并没有很好的阐释。最近,有研究人员确定了家族历史对这些患者的SPC和死亡原因的影响。研究发现,SPC在6396名男性中诊断,并且超过1/3的患者具有癌症的以及家族历史;具有家族历史的风险为1.37(95% CI: 1.27-1.40),没有家族历史的为1.10(1.08-1.16)。前列

Prostate Cancer P D:前列腺癌诊断后自杀的发生率和风险因子

是否前列腺癌的诊断在男性中造成心理压力从而引起自杀,仍旧存在争议。最近,有研究人员对之前的研究进行了元分析来调查前列腺癌诊断男性的自杀的发生率和相关的风险因子。研究发现,8个观察性研究总共包括了1281393名诊断为前列腺癌的男性,并且包括了842294名匹配的无前列腺癌的男性对照。在前列腺癌诊断的第一年,总的增加的自杀相对风险(RR)为2.01(95% CI: 1.52-2.64; P<0

Communications Biology:前列腺癌患者中,FOXA1非翻译区变异频率研究

前列腺癌具有低的体细胞变异速率,但是非编码区仍旧还未有研究阐释。最近,有研究人员对72个已知的前列腺癌驱使基因的非翻译区进行了测序研究。研究包括了428名患有转移性前列腺癌的患者。研究人员在12%的患者中鉴定了FOXA 3'-UTR变异。这些变异中主要是插入和缺失,覆盖了整个UTR,并且没有基序富集,并且在其他的癌症中没有检测到。FOXA1处于雄激素调节的非编码基因AL121790.1的正面方向,

Sci Rep:在前列腺癌细胞中,突变等位基因的定量研究阐释了TP53促使去势抵抗性的遗传基础

关于人类癌症的本质是遗传疾病,并通过基因变异引起的观点已经有了很详细的阐释,然而在癌症基因的功能研究中,上述观点还没有进行过很好的探索。最近,有研究人员在一个异源群体中,描述了一个简单的基于遗传的方法来快速和灵敏的阐释感兴趣的基因的变异对其宿主细胞的命运的影响,从而监控与致瘤相关的遗传选择。研究人员利用他们的方法,发现了TP53功能的缺失能够通过瞬间增强不依赖雄激素细胞的生长和促使基因组不稳定性的